從「說故事」角度分析 艾拉．費茲潔拉的三首聲樂即興作品

Abstract

本論文的研究目的在於探討艾拉•費茲潔拉(Ella Fitzgerald, 1917-1996)的三首聲樂即興代表作品“Flying Home” (October 4, 1945) 、 “Oh! Lady, be Good!” (March 19, 1947) 與“How High the Moon” (December 20, 1947)中所使用的即興策略。由於「說故事」的比喻常被爵士樂手們用來形容其即興過程或判斷即興作品好壞的標準，因此本研究將借用文學領域中的「劇情」(plot)與「角色」(characters)等語彙，以了解費茲潔拉如何藉由「角色」與「劇情」的創造與發展，說出具連續性而獨立的「故事」。

The goal of this research is to explore the scat singing strategies employed by Ella Fitzgerald on “Flying Home” (October 4, 1945), “Oh! Lady, be Good!” (March 19, 1947), and “How High the Moon” (December 20, 1947). Since the metaphor of “telling a story” has often been used by many jazz soloists either for describing their own improvisational process or to judge a solo to be good or bad, thus in this thesis, ideas borrowed from the field of literature in terms of “plot” and “characters” will be utilized when examining these three representative solos of Fitzgerald’s, in order to uncover how Fitzgerald “tells” coherent and individual “stories” by creating and developing her “characters” and “plots.”