複合材料風機葉片疊層設計分析之研究

Abstract

二十世紀以來，世界各國對於石油的過度依賴造成石化能源枯竭與環境汙染，因此綠色能源議題一直都是國際關注的焦點，其中風能做為新能源中最具工業開發潛力的再生能源，格外引起人們的注目並且被廣泛研究。我國風場相當適合風能發展，如果國人能夠擁有自製風力發電機的技術並且針對國內風場加以開發改良，期望將來能夠降低對於進口燃料的需求，另外也能夠開創龐大的風能商機。本文主要探討FRP複合材料的風力發電機葉片疊層設計與分析，不同疊層設計的葉片對於應力分布的影響，並且根據應力分布情形逐步刪減不必要之積層以達到輕量化與符合經濟效益之疊層設計。在本文中，針對一長為五公尺之風機葉片，利用有限元素分析軟體(ANSYS)建立風機葉片模型，將實際運轉時的外力負載經由空氣動力理論轉化為集中力施加於葉片模型上，針對葉片不同設計的纖維疊層去找出各種疊層的優缺點，並且結合不同材料與不同擺放方式的優點，進而混合設計出符合安全要求且能夠節省成本之風機葉片。

In 20th century, the excessive dependence on oil for most countries caused the depletion of fossil energy and environmental pollution. Green energy and etc., therefore, the problems had been concerned in international. Some renewable energy is potential for industrial development. Wind energy is one of renewable energy. It had been extensively studied. The condition in Taiwan is suitable for wind energy development. It is hoped that wind turbine technologies and skills could be advanced and improved for the wind fields in Taiwan, and then the needs for imported fuels would be reduced in the future. The enormous business opportunities for wind energy could be also created in Taiwan. In the study, FRP composite materials for the wind turbine blade designs and analysis are investigated. The stress distribution is calculated to find the safe and cost-effective design. The model in the study is a blade with 5 meters length. The FEM model is established with the software, ANSYS. Further, the external load is transferred into the concentrative loading with the aerodynamic theory. Thus, the advantages and disadvantages of the various laminated designs of blades would be found. Combining the results, the optimum blade design of a wind turbine could be decided with the safety and economical requirements.