以RFID建構之2D與3D室內定位系統

Abstract

現今最常見的定位技術，GPS常被用於行車導航與定位。GPS使用衛星訊號來對欲追蹤物體做定位與導航，此類定位技術不適用於室內定位，因為衛星訊號會被建築物所遮蔽，而無法進行定位。為了克服室內定位的問題，因此，本論文著重於發展室內定位的方法。目前利用訊號強度為指標的室內定位系統通常只著重於2D的平面定位。但是，在3度空間中的定位，卻越來越顯得重要。 本論文旨在發展與建構出一套基於RFID平台並且使用ZigBee提供的訊號強度為衡量指標之2維平面以及3度空間的室內定位系統，能提供使用者目前欲追蹤物體的2D或是3D座標。在本論文中，採用線性內插法的概念，將透過ZigBee讀取到參考座標的訊號強度，經由線性內插法將訊號強度填滿整個定位區域，之後，採用重心法來估計追蹤物體的預測座標。

Currently, the most popular localization technology is global positioning system (GPS), which uses a satellite transmitting signal for localization and navigation. But this type of localization technology cannot localize in the buildings, because the signal is blocked by the structure. In order to address this type of problem, this thesis focuses on developing an indoor localization system. Currently, using RSSI (received signal strength indicator) for localization usually focuses on 2 dimensions (2D), but localization technology in 3 dimensions (3D) is becoming more important. The purpose of this thesis is to develop and construct a 2D and 3D localization system using RSSI as the index which is provided by the ZigBee platform. In this thesis, we use the concept of linear interpolation algorithm. The RSSI (received signal strength indicator) received from reference tags will be used to fill the whole sensing area, Following this, the Centroid method will be performed to calculate the predicted position of the tracking object in 2D and 3D space.