黃耆水溶性多醣之劃分與分子特徵

Ying-Chi Chen; 陳盈綺

請用此 Handle URI 來引用此文件： http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/42117

完整後設資料紀錄

DC 欄位	值	語言
dc.contributor.advisor	呂廷璋(Ting-Jang Lu)
dc.contributor.author	Ying-Chi Chen	en
dc.contributor.author	陳盈綺	zh_TW
dc.date.accessioned	2021-06-15T00:47:41Z	-
dc.date.available	2013-09-02
dc.date.copyright	2008-09-02
dc.date.issued	2008
dc.date.submitted	2008-08-23
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dc.identifier.uri	http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/42117	-
dc.description.abstract	中藥黃耆為豆科植物黃耆Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.)Bunge的乾燥根，具有抗病毒、抗腫瘤、免疫調節、促進機體代謝等功效，多醣為其主要活性成分之ㄧ。本研究之目的為探討黃耆水溶性多醣之特徵與組成。結果顯示，黃耆水溶性多醣中的類澱粉多醣，α-(1,4；1,6)-D-glucans，佔了黃耆水溶性多醣之87.9％，利用碘呈色反應呈現藍紫色，可利用α-amylase、amyloglucosidase兩澱粉酵素水解並去除。非澱粉多醣為不被α-amylase、amyloglucosidase水解之部分，佔了水溶性多醣之12.1％，可利用四級銨鹽(cetrl trimethyl ammonium bromide, CTAB)選擇性錯合沉澱反應劃分成中性與酸性多醣區分。非澱粉多醣含有42.1％之醛醣酸，中性醣組成主要有阿拉伯糖、半乳糖，葡萄糖、甘露糖與岩藻糖，相對莫耳百分比為47.5：33.6：8.9：8.3：1.7％。進一步利用四級銨鹽（CTAB，cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide）帶正電荷之特性選擇性錯合沉澱具高醛糖酸含量之非澱粉多醣，當中有21.3％可被四級銨鹽錯合沉澱，稱之為酸性多醣區分，不被四級銨鹽錯合沉澱者稱之為中性多醣區分。酸性多醣區分其單醣組成主要有阿拉伯糖（29.8％）、半乳糖（21.3％）、半乳醣醛酸（37.7％）及葡萄醣醛酸（2.7％），重量平均分子量為130kDa。中性多醣區分之主要單醣組成有阿拉伯糖（54.4％）、半乳糖（34.3％）、甘露糖（9.7％）與葡萄糖（1.5％），重量平均分子量為189kDa，為一廣分佈之多醣。利用陰離子交換樹脂可將中性多醣區分劃分成三區塊。中性與酸性多醣區分利用periodate-thiobarbituric acid method和β-D-glucosyl Yariv antigen皆呈現正反應，證明了KDO (2-keto-3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonic acid)和arabinogalactan Type Ⅱ之存在。結果顯示經此一流程可獲得高醛醣酸含量、具有果膠多醣特徵之黃耆多醣。	zh_TW
dc.description.abstract	The dried root of Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bunge, also called Astragali radix, is an important traditional Chinese medicine. It has the functions of anti-virus, anti-tumor, and immuno-modulating activities. Polysaccharide is one of the active components of this herb. The focus of this study is to investigate the characteristics of water-soluble polysaccharides from A. membranaceus. The α-(1,4; 1,6)-D-glucans, the starch-like polysaccharides showing blue color under iodine-staining, in the hot-water extracted crude polysaccharides were digested and removed by α-amylase and amyloglucosidase digestion. The non-starch polysaccharides, the non-digestible portion, were fractionated by using selective precipitation with cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, CTAB, into acidic and neutral polysaccharides fractions. The α-(1,4; 1,6)-D-glucans was found to be the most abundant component in the crude polysaccharides and its content was 87.9％. The non-starch polysaccharides contained 42.1% of uronic acids and the sugar compositions of the neutral portion were arabinose, galactose, glucose, mannose and fucose in the molar ratio of 47.5: 33.6: 8.9: 8.3:1.7 %. The CTAB could react with the polysaccharides with high ratio of uronic acids to form precipitates and successfully separated non-starch polysaccharides into acidic and neutral polysaccharides fractions with ratio of 21.3% and 78.7%, respectively. The acidic polysaccharides fraction consisted of arabinose (29.8%), galactose (21.3%), galacturonic acid (37.7%), and glucuronic acid (2.7%). The weight-average molecular weight of acidic polysaccharides fraction was 130 kDa. The neutral polysaccharides fraction consisted of arabinose (54.4%), galactose (34.3%), mannose (9.7%) and glucose (1.5%). The weight-average molecular weight of neutral polysaccharides fraction was 189 kDa with wide range of distribution. This fraction can be further divided into three sub-fractions by anion- exchange chromatography. Both acidic and neutral polysaccharide fractions showed positive reaction with periodate-thiobarbituric acid and β-D-glucosyl Yariv antigen assays indicated the existing of KDO (2-keto-3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonic acid) and branched (1,3; 1,6)-arabinogalactans. These results indicated existing of hairy domains of pectic polysaccharides in the acidic polysaccharides and low-uronic acid containing polysaccharides in neutral polysaccharides fraction of A. membranaceus.	en
dc.description.provenance	Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-15T00:47:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ntu-97-R95641014-1.pdf: 2885505 bytes, checksum: c50ba182391e0f818b6bb3fd2244eac9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008	en
dc.description.tableofcontents	中文摘要.....................................Ι abstract.........................................Ⅱ 總目錄.........................................Ⅲ 圖目錄.........................................Ⅵ 表目錄.........................................Ⅶ 壹、前言.................................................1 貳、文獻回顧.............................................................2 一、黃耆介紹..................................................2 (一) 型態與分佈.............................................2 (二) 栽培環境與生理特性................................................2 (三) 活性成分...............................................................3 1. 多醣類..........................................3 2. 皂苷類..........................................4 (四) 生理活性.......................................................4 1. 抗病毒.................................................................5 2. 抗腫瘤..................................5 3. 清除自由基能力..................5 4. 對免疫系統之作用..............5 5. 造血及心血管系統保護作用..............6 6. 肝臟保護作用........................................................................7 7. 促進機體代謝.................................7 8. 其他.....................................................................7 二、果膠多醣（pectic polysaccharide）...............................8 (一) Homogalacturonan（HG）......................................8 (二) Xylogalacturonan（XGA）......................................8 (三) RhamnogalacturonanⅠ（RGⅠ）.................................9 (四) RhamnogalacturonanⅡ（RGⅡ）...................................9 三、具活性成分之果膠多醣...........................................14 (一) Arabinogalactan TypeⅡ（AGⅡ）............................14 (二) RhamnogalacturonanⅠ（RGⅠ）................................15 參、材料與方法...................................................19 一、實驗材料.............................................................19 二、實驗藥品與試劑..........................................................19 (一) 化學試劑................................................19 (二) 標準品....................................................19 (三) 酵素.....................................20 三、樣品製備方式...............................................20 (一) 熱水萃取物之製備........................................20 (二) 水溶性粗多醣之製備.....................................20 (三) 非澱粉多醣...................................20 (四) 陰離子交換樹脂分析水溶性粗多醣成分.....................20 (五) CTAB沉澱酸性多醣區分與中性多醣區分.....................21 四、分析方法................................................21 (一) 水分含量測定...............................................21 (二) 固形物含量測定..........................21 (三) 碳水化合物含量測定............................21 (四) 醛醣酸含量測定................................22 (五) KDO含量測定........................................22 (六) 蛋白質含量測定................................22 (七) 單醣組成測定（TFA hydrolysis）.......................22 (八) 單醣組成測定（methanolysis）.................................23 (九) 分子量測定....................................................24 (十) β-D-glucosyl Yariv antigen test...........................24 五、實驗流程.........................................................26 肆、結果與討論..........................................27 一、水萃物與水溶性粗多醣之組成分析...................27 (一) 黃耆熱水萃取物與水溶性粗多醣組成分析..............27 (二) 水溶性粗多醣分子量分佈........................28 (三) 水溶性粗多醣組成分析.................................29 (四) 水溶性粗多醣各成分之單醣組成分析......................30 二、水溶性粗多醣之劃分..........................................33 (一) α-(1,4；1,6)-D-葡聚醣之水解及非澱粉多醣之分離...................33 (二) 中性及酸性多醣區分之劃分..................................37 1. 中性多醣區分.......................................39 甲、多醣組成分析...............................39 乙、分子量分佈................................................40 丙、單醣組成分析.......................................45 2. 酸性多醣區分...................................................46 甲、多醣組成分析...................................................................46 乙、分子量分佈.......................................................................47 丙、單醣組成分析...................................................................48 三、多醣結構偵測....................................................49 (一) KDO含量測定..........................................49 (二) β-D-glucosyl Yariv antigen test....................50 伍、結論..........................................52 陸、參考文獻..................................53 柒、附錄..........................................62
dc.language.iso	zh-TW
dc.title	黃耆水溶性多醣之劃分與分子特徵	zh_TW
dc.title	Fractionation and characterization of water-soluble polysaccharides from Astragalus membranaceus	en
dc.type	Thesis
dc.date.schoolyear	96-2
dc.description.degree	碩士
dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee	盧訓(Shin Lu),張永和(Yung-Ho Chang),賴喜美(Hsi-Mei Lai),黃瑞美
dc.subject.keyword	膜莢黃耆,多醣,果膠多醣,Yariv antigen,四級銨鹽,	zh_TW
dc.subject.keyword	Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.)Bge.,polysaccharides,pectic polysaccharides,Yariv antigen,cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide,	en
dc.relation.page	87
dc.rights.note	有償授權
dc.date.accepted	2008-08-25
dc.contributor.author-college	生物資源暨農學院	zh_TW
dc.contributor.author-dept	食品科技研究所	zh_TW
顯示於系所單位：	食品科技研究所

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