樟芝發酵液揮發性成分變化與其抑制肝癌活性之關係

Abstract

樟芝為台灣特有的菇類，以護肝及抗發炎而聞名。藉由液態發酵的方式可有效縮短發酵時間以生產具有抑制肝癌細胞的活性物質，且隨發酵天數的增加，肝癌細胞抑制率也隨之提高。發酵過程所產生的揮發性化合物隨著發酵的天數具有明顯變化。本研究之目的為了解樟芝培養過程中，發酵液揮發性化合物的變化與其抑制肝癌細胞的活性的關係。在揮發性成分分析方面，本研究發現PDMS/DVB纖維在60℃下吸附樟芝揮發性化合物30分鐘，可以有效吸附樟芝揮發性化合物，經由GC-MS之分析得知，樟芝於發酵期間產生之主要揮發性成分為1-octen-3-ol、methyl phenylacetate、linalool、nerolidol、γ-cadinene和 2,4,5-trimethoxybenzaldehyde六個化合物。於抑制肝癌細胞生長之試驗中發現，發酵液在發酵二十四天時即達到最高抑制率，而揮發性化合物2,4,5-trimethoxybenzaldehyde濃度也在同一時間急劇上升，因此，該揮發性化合物可能與發酵液之抑癌活性相關，也可以用來決定發酵收槽的時間。

Antrodia cinnamomea is a folk medicine well known for its hepatoprotective, anti-inflammation function in Taiwan. Submerged fermentation is used to produce its bioactive material under controlled conditions to overcome its time consuming cultivation in solid state. During fermentation, there is an increase in the hepatoma inhibitory effect and the volatile compounds changes during each stage. The aim of this study is to investigate the correlation between the specific volatile compounds and bio-active components formed in due course of fermentation. In volatile compound analysis, PDMS/ DVB fiber was found to be most suitable fiber under the operating conditions of 60℃ for 30 minutes, to absorb volatile compounds of fermentation broth of A. cinnamomea. The GC-MS results indicated that the main volatile compounds were 1-octen-3-ol, linalool, methyl phenylacetate, nerolidol, γ-cadinene and 2,4,5-trimethoxybenzaldehyde. During fermentation it was observed that the fermentation broth have the highest inhibitory effect on 24th day. Also it was observed that among the various volatile compounds, there was a significant increase in concentration of 2,4,5-trimethoxybenzaldehyde in fermentation broth on the same day. Thus the volatile compound 2,4,5-trimethoxybenzaldehyde could be related to hepatoma inhibitory activity of fermentation broth, and can be used as a direct marker to decide harvesting time for the fermentation process.