生活範疇平衡對整體幸福感之影響

Abstract

過去文獻指出各個生活範疇的滿意能促進整體幸福感。而本研究的目的在探討各生活範疇間的平衡性對整體幸福感的影響以及背後的運行機制。研究一的結果顯示在控制了各生活範疇滿意的平均分數，「各生活範疇間的平衡」仍具有顯著的預測力，亦即各範疇間滿意分數差距愈小，整體幸福感愈高。研究二中以範疇內的自主性、勝任感以及親密感三大需求滿足程度來指涉該範疇滿意度，結果再次驗證了平衡者擁有較高的整體幸福感。研究者進一步運用了各個範疇間需求滿足的差異性，進一步探究平衡生活背後的運行機制，發現範疇間失衡的現象對整體幸福感具有負向的影響（匱乏假說），而單一範疇內需求的滿足對整體幸福感的正面促進效益有限（天花板效果）。文章最後，研究者針對生活範疇滿意、需求滿足的概念和測量方式以及未來的研究方向進行進一步的討論與建議。

Most previous research have indicated that life domain satisfaction can promote global well-being. However, the main purpose of this study is to examine the effect of balanced life satisfaction on global well-being and to prove the mechanism of balanced life. In study 1, results indicated that the standard deviation of life satisfactions across life domains had significant influence on the Global Well-being. Multiple regression analysis showed that this remained significant when the average of satisfaction was controlled for. In study 2, the author measured “need fulfillment” in multiple life domains for capturing the satisfaction in multiple life domains. Then we created three imbalanced indicators. Simple correlation showed higher imbalanced scores were associated with less Global Well-being. Multiple regression demonstrated that the ceiling effect and the scarcity hypothesis are the mechanism of balanced life. Finally, further discussion and recommendation were proposed.