中部某醫院護理人員之遺傳學知識、態度與在職教育需求之探討

Abstract

本研究之主要目的在於探討臨床護理人員的遺傳學知識、態度及在職教育需求。以中部某醫院護理人員為研究對象，採用自擬結構性問卷為研究工具，進行橫斷式問卷調查（cross-sectional survey），共計回收問卷583份，回收率73.33%。玆將重要結果歸納如下： 一、臨床護理人員之遺傳學知識普遍偏低，各分項中以「癌症變異及風險評估」得分最高，「臨床常見遺傳疾病之遺傳模式」得分最低。遺傳學知識得分之相關因素為：學歷、年齡、畢業年數、年資、臨床工作經驗、目前服務科別、曾接受過遺傳學相關課程及在職教育以及獲得遺傳學知識之管道。 二、臨床護理人員之遺傳學態度相當正向。與遺傳學態度之相關因素為：婚姻狀況、本人或親屬有無罹患遺傳疾病、臨床工作經驗、職稱、曾接受過遺傳學相關課程及在職教育與獲得遺傳學知識之管道。 三、臨床護理人員之遺傳學在職教育需求高。目前最覺需要課程仍以「傳統護理遺傳學相關課程」為主，最希望採用的教學方式以「直接授課」最多。影響遺傳學在職教育需求之主要因素為：目前服務科別及獲得遺傳學知識之管道。 四、臨床護理人員之遺傳學知識、態度及教育需求之間呈正相關。 根據研究結果提出建議如下： 一、加強臨床遺傳專業師資 二、定期舉辦遺傳學在職教育與訓練 三、提供多元化在職教育管道 四、相關遺傳教育資源網站之設置及連結 五、鼓勵各單位發展相關遺傳學在職教育計畫 六、積極擴展與相關單位合辦在職教育 關鍵詞：臨床護理人員、知識、態度、在職教育需求、遺傳學

The purpose of this research was to determine the genetic knowledge, attitude, and needs for genetic education among clinical nurses. A cross-sectional study was conducted via self-structured questionnaires . Five hundred and eighty-three questionnaires were returned (73.33%). Significant results were as follows: 1. The genetic knowledge among clinical nurses was poor. The average score of genetic knowledge regarding“ cancer variation and risk assessment'was the highest；those regarding“ inheritance pattern of common genetic disorder'was the lowest. The demographic characteristics of clinic nurses, such as highest level of education, age, years of graduation from nursing school, working years in clinic nursing, clinical work experience, service unit, completion of education and training in genetics, and the route of getting genetic knowledge, were all associated with genetic knowledge. 2. The genetic attitude of the clinical nurses was positive. The factors associated with the genetic attitude were marital status, investiture, whether the patient and his relatives have genetic diseases or not, clinical work experience, completion of education and training in genetics, the source of information about genetic knowledge. 3. The clinical nurses’ needs for on-the-job training were high. For the time being, the most desirable courses are mainly the related courses of traditional nursing genetics. It is hoped that the face-to-face teaching methods are adopted. The factors associated with educational needs were the service unit and the source of getting genetic knowledge. 4. There was positive association among genetic knowledge, attitude and educational needs. According to the research results above, the following suggestions are given: (1) improve the faculty’s genetic professional knowledge in the clinical field (2) periodically hold the on-the-job education and training on genetics (3) provide the multiple on-the-job training programs (4) establish and link the related resource network in genetic education (5) encourage the units to develop the on-the-job training programs in related genetics (6) actively and cooperatively increase the on-the-job training programs with the related units Key words: clinical nurses, knowledge, attitude, on-the-job educational needs, genetics