自尊穩定度與對他人信任的關係：談預測他人行為確定度的中介效果

Abstract

過去的研究指出，自尊不只是自己對於自我概念的整體態度，在關係中甚至 可以幫助個體去預測他人對待自己的方式。然而，本研究認為自尊不穩定的人並 不能夠穩定的預測他人對待自己的行為，所以當個體需要去預測他人是否對自己 有善良意圖，才能形成信任關係時，自尊不穩定者就較難形成信任關係。本文利 用兩個研究來檢視上述假設，研究一利用實驗法操弄參與者的自尊穩定度與信任 的因果關係，結果發現自尊不穩定組對於負向人際拒絕傾向歸因於對方缺乏善良 意圖，較不願意信任對方，且也較不願意形成長期合作關係；研究二利用問卷法 檢視自尊不穩定度與信任間，是否受到「預測他人對待自己行為的確定度」的中 介效果，結果亦支持假設。綜合討論中探討自尊穩定度與預測他人行為確定度在 信任研究上的重要性。

Past researches suggest that self-esteem is not only the whole attitude of self, but also a tool that help people to predict how others will treat them in the relationship. However, this research concern that people with unstable self-esteem can’t predict others’ behaviors for sure. When they have to trust others by predicting if they have a good intend, those who have unstable self-esteem difficult construct a trust relationship. This paper tests the hypothesis with two studies. Study 1 uses the experimental method to manipulate the cause-and-effect between self-esteem stability and trust. The result demonstrates that self-esteem unstable group tends to attribute interpersonal rejection to lack of good intend. They also have more difficulty to trust others and cooperate with others. Study 2 uses the questionnaire to test the mediation effect of “the certainty to predict how others will treat us” between self-esteem stability and trust. The result supports that the certainty to predict others mediate from self-esteem stability to trust. General discussion suggests that the academic importance of self-esteem stability and the certainty to predicting others on trust researches.