都市設計管制下信義計畫區都市空間形塑之探討

Abstract

信義計畫區的規劃概念從1980年代副都心的形成，到1990年代末期重新被定位為「台北曼哈頓」，經歷多次發展政策的改變與計畫內容的調整，發展至今已逾二十五年的光陰。而都市設計作為此區空間規劃上重要的理念與工具，本研究試圖在都市發展的政治、經濟脈絡下，探討此區實施都市設計管制過程中規劃部門建構整體空間想像，並回顧實際空間成形的情形。 研究發現信義計畫區都市設計管制的落實主要透過計畫管制與審議機制兩個執行層面來進行；計畫的變革則以1980年郭茂林建築事務所提出的台北市信義計畫都市設計研究為基礎，爾後歷經原始計畫公佈實施、第一次通盤檢討、第二次通盤檢討及第三次計畫調整的過程。實際上信義副都心的整體空間在發展過程中從一開始的市政中心，逐漸轉變成商業中心為主，再進一步形成企業總部會聚的國際金融中心。 此外，分析信義計畫區都市設計的實踐經驗發現，都市設計管制曾嘗試引導空間的生產以及建構對整體空間的想像，尤以KMG的都市設計提案為專業者與規劃部門最具企圖的階段，然而經過時空的變遷及面對區內開發的壓力，從此區的開發案例可看出，資本的力量往往使規劃內容與現實產生落差，計畫管制的內容逐漸傾向管制鬆綁的策略，並順應市場需求作調整。都市設計管制在操作上仍遭遇許多制度本身不完善的問題，且在投機城市本質下的空間規劃，其規劃部門在折衝、管制資本運作主控都市形式過度決定力量的能力上，仍然有限。

Since1980’s the planning idea of Hsin-Yi District as the sub-center of Taipei City has been formed. In late 1990’s, its role was reorientated to “Taipei Manhattan”. Up to now the development of Hsin-Yi District has taken time over 25 years and in this period the policy and the plan have been adjusted many times. Within the politic and economic contexts, the study try to discuss how the Institution of Urban Planning constructed the the imagination of the whole space and review the spacial formation in the process of urban design control. In Hsin-Yi District , urban design control is implemented in two main ways, urban plan control and design review. The changes of the planning context is based on The Research of Urban Design in Hsin-Yi District proposed by KMG Association in 1980, and then the process is through the original urban plan, the first overall review of urban planning , the second overall review of urban planning and the third planning adjustment. On the other hand, the real space of Hsin-Yi Sub-Center also changed gradually in this process. The original space center of the district, city hall, transformed to the business center, and finally the main center became the international financial center where headquarters are aggregated. After analyzing the experience of urban design practice in Hsin-Yi District, the study found out the urban design control has ever tried to guide the space production and constructed the special imagination, especially when KMG proposed the urban design plan, which the experts and the Institution of Urban Planning were more active. However through spatial temporal change and under the stress of land development for this area, the power of capital usually made the planning ideas hard to realize. At the same time the urban design control tended to the strategy of lessening control. This study points out the implementation of urban design control still has a lot of problems with the institution itself. Also the energy of urban planning with the nature of speculator city to balance or control the capital power on shaping city form is limited.