居家常用電器設備磁場調查

Abstract

隨著電子科技的進步以及各種電器用品的普遍使用，使得人類的生活更加便利、舒適，然而由於電力需求的不斷提高以及廣泛應用，我們已經無可避免的暴露在一個充滿電磁場的環境之中。因此本研究的目是要調查目前台灣家庭常見的電器用品在使用時所產生的磁場強度，與影響磁場強度的因素，進而對於人體暴露量較大的電器用品提出選用及使用時的依據以及對於居家環境常見電磁場的來源提出對策，以降低電磁場的暴露。 實驗的進行是對於台灣一般居民家中所使用的常見家電用品，直接測量其使用時所產生的磁場強度，總共測量了30戶住家的家用電器,26種電器，共519個。 結果顯示多數的電器在距離100公分時，已經下降至背景值左右，除了除濕機(1.5±0.7mG)、微波爐(4.5±1.9mG)、烘碗機(1.4±0.6mG)、抽風機(1.2±0.5mG)、電磁爐(3.6±2.3mG)、吸塵器(1.7±1.1mG)等。如果依操作行為的距離來評估，則有些電器暴露強度仍很高。另外對於電器進行接地測試和縮短導線之間的距離，來減少磁場的強度，均有不錯的效果。

To follow the advancement and the common use of various of electric equipment, and the human’s life are more convenient and comfortable. However due to the raise of electric power demand and to apply extensively, we can’t avoid to exposure in an environment with electromagnetic fields. Therefore the purpose of the study is to investigate the magnetic field intensity produced by household electric equipment in Taiwan and the effects which will influence the magnetic field intensity, and the next step is to bring up a basis for choose and use to electric equipment with large exposure dose to the human body. And we will bring up a way to deal with electromagnetic field in residential environment in order to reduce the exposure by electromagnetic field. The investigation is to survey the magnetic field intensity when use the household electric equipment in Taiwan family. In total measurement, there are 30 homes, 26 kind of household electric equipment, 519 pieces. The result shows that most of the magnetic field intensity produced by electric equipment are descend to background value when the meter is away from 100 cm , except to dehumidifier(1.5±0.7mG) , microwave oven(4.5±1.9mG) , bowl dryer(1.4±0.6mG) , exhaust fan(1.2±0.5mG) , electromagnetic stove(3.6±2.3mG) , vacuum cleaner(1.7±1.1mG) . If we estimate the distance when used, the magnetic field intensity produced by a few kinds of electric equipment are still high. Besides, as regards to process grounding to electric equipment and to reduce the distance between wires, it has good effect to cut down the magnetic field intensity.