飼料添加烏賊粉及植物性原料取代魚粉對海鱺成長之影響

Abstract

海鱺成長快、肉質好且飼料換肉率高，為台灣箱網養殖主要魚種。魚粉為養殖魚主要蛋白質來源，由於產量逐漸下滑以及價格逐年攀升，故尋找替代魚粉之蛋白質來源為研究重點。本實驗利用烏賊粉（S）、羽扇豆粉（L）、菜仔粕（R）及玉米蛋白（C）取代飼料中之魚粉探討對海鱺成長之影響。 實驗一：對照組以 65 %魚粉為飼料蛋白質來源，實驗組以烏賊粉添加2.5 %~ 10 %取代飼料中之魚粉，尋求烏賊粉之最適當取代量。結果顯示烏賊粉添加3.9 %為最適取代量。 實驗二：對照組以 65 %魚粉為飼料蛋白質來源，實驗組則添加烏賊粉及植物性原料，分為SL、SR、SC、SLR、SLC、SRC及SLRC七組，測試其對於海鱺之成長效果。經42天飼養，以SLRC組成長及飼料效率最差，SRC其次，其餘各組與對照組無顯著差異，因此魚粉含量可由65%降至30%對海鱺成長無影響。 實驗三：飼料中添加5％烏賊粉、20％羽扇豆粉、5％菜仔粕及15％玉米蛋白，將魚粉降低至25％。經42天飼養，FM25組在增重率及飼料效率方面均比對照組差，因此本實驗中海鱺最低魚粉使用量為30％。

Cobia, Rachycentron canadum, growing fast, with good meat quality and high feed conversion rate, is the main species of sea cage culture. Fish meal is the primary protein source of culture fishes, owing to the decreasing yield and increasing price, looking for the replacement of fish meal is the research priority. Three growth trails were conducted to investigate the substitute fish meal with squid meal and vegetative ingredient. In the first trail, squid meal was added to replace fish meal ranging between 0％to 25％ in five diets to investigate the optimal replacement of squid meal. The optimal replacement ratio of squid meal is 3.9％. In the second trial, lupin (L), rapeseed meal (R) and corn protein (C) were added to replace fish meal. After 42 days of feeding, group SLRC with the lowest weight gain and feed efficiency, group SRC is after, and differences among the other groups are not significant. The content of fish meal in diets could decrease from 65％ to 30％ without compromising growth performance. In the third trail, 5％squid meal、20％Lupin、5％Rapeseed meal and 15％Corn protein were incorporated in Cobia diets and reduce fish meal to 25％. After 42 days of feeding, lower performance of FM25 in weight gain and feed efficiency were discovered. In our trails, 30％ of fish meal is limited for Cobia feed.