傅柯晚期論主體與自我技術

Abstract

傅柯八○年代的研究轉向了主體的問題，並使用了希臘羅馬時期的史料來分析。本文討論了傅柯之所以研究古代的理由，並指出一個傅柯晚期歷史本體論的研究架構，以主體為核心，以自我技術為主體化的實踐方式，與之相連的是倫理和真理的問題。若以此架構來重新詮釋希臘羅馬時期，藉由說明希臘時期和羅馬帝國初期的時代特性，可發現這是歷史上一個主體觀、倫理觀和真理觀發生轉變的重要時期。傅柯以歷史考察的方式呈現了倫理學和知識論的新面向。

Foucault’s study turns to the problem of subject in 80’s, and he uses the historical material of Greek and Roman periods. This thesis discusses the reason why Foucault studies the Ancient period, and it also point out a framework of historical ontology in the late Foucault, which focuses on subject and uses the technologies of the self to be the practice of subjectivation. Moreover, the issues of ethics and truth are also related to the subject. If we use this framework to interpret the Greek and Roman periods, by describing the features of the history, we can discover that it is an important period of the transformation of the view of subject, ethics and truth. Through the historical research, Foucault demonstrates a new dimension of ethics and epistemology.