探討漢字辨識中不同規則一致狀況下語音促發的可能性

Abstract

語音於文字辨識中所扮演的角色一直為爭論議題之一。強勢語音理論認為語音為辨識中重要的角色，辨識需經由文字符號轉換為語音後進而接觸字彙表徵，語音於辨識中自動激發處理且於早期即開始影響辨識歷程；弱勢語音理論則是認為語音僅為辨識中次要的角色，其影響僅於辨識較晚期才開始產生，且於低頻字中才會展現顯著影響。本研究使用漢字形音分離特性，排除字形影響，利用如同Zhou與Marslen-Wilson（1999a）操弄規則一致性方式並與強勢語音理論對其之預期試圖檢驗強勢語音理論對漢字的適用性。實驗中使用漢字為刺激材料，以50毫秒促發時距分別於實驗一、二中使用前項遮蔽之促發程序字彙判斷作業以及念字作業，同時操弄目標字規則性以及促發字類型，觀察在目標字與促發字的組合狀況下同音促發效果的可能性。結果顯示在字彙辨識作業中同音促發效果僅於目標字為規則字且促發字為規則一致字時得到顯著助益效果，而念字作業則是於目標字為不規則且促發字為不規則不一致的狀況下呈現顯著的負向同音促發效果，其餘狀況皆無。研究結果均與強勢語音理論主張進行比較，並提出一個可能的反應模型來解釋這樣的結果。

At 50 ms stimulus onset asynchrony, two forward-masked phonological priming experiments were conducted to examine whether the strong phonological theory is suited to the Chinese character recognition. Target regularity, phonological priming, and the prime types (regular-high consistent, irregular-low consistent) were included into manipulation. Results showed that the target responses were facilitated by a homophone prime only when the target was regular and the prime was regular-high consistent in lexical decision task (Experiment 1), and were inhibited only when the target was irregular and the prime was irregular-low consistent in naming task (Experiment 2). The results contradicted the strong phonological theory’s prediction. A possible alternative to account for these two experiements’ results was proposed.