全球化、民主化以及台灣國家自主性與能力的變遷：以半導體產業為例(1995-2006)

Abstract

發展型國家論強調國家角色對於國家經濟發展、產業轉型的重要性，以國家自主性與國家能力做為推動發展的必要因素。台灣在90年代初期之前，其經濟發展的模式與制度被視為具有典型發展型國家的特徵。然而，隨著國內外政經情勢的變動，全球化、民主化以及兩岸政經互動三項因素更為深刻的影響，以及進入不同經濟結構與產業發展階段，國家勢必根據面臨的挑戰和情勢做出回應，在持續進行產業升級的工程中，適當地轉換政策工具和改變產業政策的內涵。本文主要是探討在經濟發展過程中，台灣國家角色的調整與變遷，選定半導體產業為案例研究的對象，依此國家任務變化的研究結果，對發展型國家論做出回應與檢討。 本文分為五章，第一章為緒論，主要說明問題意識，進行文獻檢閱，提出研究方法與架構。第二章為台灣政府產業政策的變遷，先就政府在總體經濟發展角色的調適、政府科技產業政策，以及工研院在台灣半導體產業發展歷程發揮的功能。第三章是台灣半導體產業的發展，首先探究台灣半導體產業現今發展階段和內、外競爭情勢，以及台灣半導體產業協會對於半導體產業活動的影響。第四章為台灣半導體產業與兩岸經貿政策，先就中國大陸半導體產業對於台灣有何影響作背景介紹，再從其中檢視國家自主性與能力有何變化。第五章為結論，從台灣國家對於半導體產業的涉入方式和程度所呈現的國家樣貌，與發展型國家理論中關於國家自主性與能力的論述進行對話。

The developmental state theory emphasizes on the importance of state for economic development and industrial transition. State autonomy and capacity are necessary factors of development. Before the early 90’s, the patterns and institutions of Taiwan economic development are conceived as a typical developmental state. However, as the domestic and foreign political and economic environment has been changing, globalization, democratization, and interaction across strait exert more influences. Besides, Taiwan has gone along into a different economic structure and a new industrial development phase. As a result, state has to respond the challenges and to reform the policy tools and industrial policy. My thesis discusses the transition of Taiwan state, and chooses semiconductor industry as a case study. According to the findings which update state’s role in continuing industry upgrade, it is necessary to reexamine and refine the developmental state theory. There are five chapters in this thesis. Chapter 1 is introduction, which proposes my awareness of question, literature review, research method, and research framework. Chapter 2 is the change of Taiwan’s industrial policy, including government’s role in macro economy development, technology industry and semiconductor industry policy, and the function of ITRI. Chapter 3 is the development of Taiwan semiconductor industry, which contains current development situation and the effect of Taiwan Semiconductor Industry Association. Chapter 4 is Taiwan semiconductor industry and cross strait economy and trade policy. This chapter presents what the influence of China semiconductor industry means to Taiwan’s counterpart, and what the changes of Taiwan’s state autonomy and capacity are. Chapter 5 is transition of Taiwan’s sate autonomy and capacity---a dialogue with the developmental state theory. I connect my work of case study with the developmental state theory and make a conclusion.