蝴蝶蘭癒合組織再生植株與轉殖體系之建立

Abstract

蝴蝶蘭是蘭科植物中最重要的經濟栽培作物，可供商業切花和盆花的生產，行政院農業委員會業已將其選定為台灣四大外銷旗艦農產品之一。在台灣，無論是蝴蝶蘭生產或品種改良等研發，應具有可觀的預期經濟利益。然而，蘭花通常擁有較長之幼年期與生殖周期，此特性某種程度局限了傳統雜交育種的改良，現代遺傳工程則是一條可行的品種創育途徑。然而，體細胞變異、試管內選拔和遺傳工程等作物遺傳改良之技術，皆需要有高效率且穩定地經由癒合組織再生植株的體系為基礎。本論文研究之目的擬建立蝴蝶蘭經由癒合組織再生植株的高效率體系，並架構蝴蝶蘭基因轉殖代工平台，期能整合國內蝴蝶蘭分子育種體系，以因應未來蝴蝶蘭品種多樣化之育種需求，期能奠定我國蝴蝶蘭外銷產業堅實的基礎。

Phalaenopsis orchid is one of the most important orchids grown for commercial production of cut flowers and potted plants. It has been chosen by the Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, as one of the four flagship speciality products for export. There is substantial interest in the production and improvement of these commercially valuable plants in Taiwan. However, orchids usually have long juvenile periods and reproductive cycles, which restrict genetic improvement using traditional sexual hybridization. Modern genetic engineering techniques provide an effective alternative. A callus-mediated plant regeneration protocol is a critical requirement as it allows exploitation of in vitro selection, somaclonal variation and engineering techniques aimed at genetic improvement of plants. Although several micropropagation methods have been developed for phalaenopsis using shoot tips, leaf segments, root tips and stalk cuttings, establishment of a proliferating callus culture and regeneration from callus is limited to phalaenopsis. The objectives of the project are to develop an efficient plant regeneration system from callus and to establish a platform of gene transformation for phalaenopsis breeding purpose, hoping to lay a solid foundation for export-oriented businesses.