力霸東森集團政商關係之研究

Abstract

本論文從人性角度及尋租理論，探討力霸東森集團王又曾、王令麟父子長達半世紀的崛起隕落政商關係現象。 主要從蔣中正、蔣經國、李登輝及陳水扁四位總統的威權時期─民主轉型─政黨輪替三階段不同的歷史脈絡和政經架構，分析政（政府）商（企業）在台灣的演進及發展。 在現代資本主義體制之下，「企業」和「政府」之間的關係是與生俱來的，經濟和政治行為有著相同的本質─權力與利益。因此，政治權力與經濟利益往往相互影響，「權力」與「金錢」具有無可斷絕的共生關係，「政商關係」乃成為歷史上與社會上常見的現象。在政府管制之下，以自利為導向的政商人士，會合作來尋求彼此的不正當利益—「租」。但在尋租的過程中，往往造成政府體制的腐敗和經濟政策的無效率。 本文藉由「力霸」和「東森」這兩個合體的泛「力霸集團」為例，說明台灣過去五十年來特殊的政治經濟體制，創造出許多尋租的空間，也提供王又曾運作政商關係以建立其政商版圖的機會。但在台灣的政經環境改變之後，傳統的政商關係網絡受到嚴重衝擊，王又曾力霸王國的瓦解，象徵著過去主宰台灣數十年的政商共生模式將面臨解構的危機。

This article discusses about the government-business relationship of Reba group created by Wang You-Tseng and his son Wang Ling-Lin in rationalism and rent-seeking approach. The main structure focuses on the evolution of government-business relationship in last four Presidencies and three different stages of national development in Taiwan: authoritarianism, authoritarian transformation, and post regime-turnover. While the relationship between business and government is naturally connected in modern capitalism, economics and politics share the same nature-power and profit. Political power and economic profit feed each other, so that the connection between power and money will never be cut. Self-interest politicians and businessmen are supposed to cooperate to seek “rent” with corruption and inefficient policies. This article takes the pan-Reba group as an instance to make clear how the chairman Wang You-Tseng built his own kingdom under the special political and economic institution in the past 50 years. As the environment changes in Taiwan, the traditional government-business networks have been stricken strongly as well as Wang’s kingdom. The collapse of Reba can be regarded as the indication of the end of old government-business model which dominated Taiwan economy tens of years.