建築物日照陰影計算模式之發展及其在植栽設計之應用

Abstract

本研究旨在探討開放空間中建築物陰影的分布，以了解植栽立地空間可能的衝擊。利用ＡｕｔｏＬＩＳＰ程式語言結合ＡｕｔｏＣＡＤ繪圖軟體，模擬建築物相對日照時數SH(hr)並統計遮蔽率RSD(%)。同時以台灣大學生命科學館北向庭園為例進行實測，統計春分、夏至、秋分、冬至日各選定測點平均照度E ( lx)及相對照度RE (%)年變化，以及逐時照度日變化，進一步分析模擬之建築物遮陰與實測照度之相關性，並計算遮陰與否之光環境差距。此一模式之應用除提供預測工具分析欲綠化基地，亦可以針對既有庭園檢討植栽之選擇與配置，為將來景觀設計師之決策理性建立基礎。

This study aims to investigate the distribution of buildings’ shades in open space in order to understand its possible impact on plants. Using AutoLISP as the programming language as well as the drawing software AutoCAD, this study simulates the sunlight hours (SH, hr) and ratio of sunshade duration(RSD, %) of a building. Empirical tests were launched on the North Plaza of the LifeSceince Building of the National Taiwan University. On vernal equinox, summer solstice, autumnal equinox, and winter solstice, the averaged illuminance(E, lx), relative illuminance(RE, %) of a year, and the illuminance within a day were collected at the chosen locations. Further analyses were made to compare our computer-simulated sunlight duration with real sunlight conditions. This model of sunshade calculation can serve as a predicating tool to analyze the site to be greenized. In addition, it can serve as a reference to already existing courtyards for plant selection and design. It is hoped that this model can help the designer to make reasonable decisions of landscaping.