海洋環境對聲納偵測效能及反潛搜索戰術之影響

Abstract

本文涵蓋了海洋環境、聲學應用及軍事作業研究三大領域，如何整合三大領域並應用於軍事上為本論文所探討之重點。在本研究中我利用台灣東北海域實驗所測得之水文數據與歷史資料庫之數據，建構戰場環境之水文資料，由聲學數值模式運算與實驗所測得之音傳損耗比對，並計算出不同水文環境的傳播損耗，以統計量化的方式將聲納效能轉化為偵測機率，在配合反潛搜索戰術作為評估海洋對反潛戰術之影響。而以實驗海域之音響參數為基礎，必能提高在戰術模擬分析之精確度。本文之目標為（一）由實驗量測之音傳損耗及背景噪音來確認音傳損耗數值模擬之準確度；（二）運用電腦模擬技術與作業研究的方法，重新評估現行的反潛搜索理論；（三）模擬聲納裝備在台灣四周海域的偵測機率，進而建構台灣四周反潛搜索參數(掃幅寬度)資料庫，並將模擬結果提供反潛指揮與搜索決策之參考；(四)由聲學與搜索理論的結合，評估反潛搜索模式，進而作為提供海軍二代艦兵力反潛準則之參考。故本研究之特點即在尋求如何建立反潛戰術上所需之相關參數，並評估海洋環境對戰術之影響，期使在實際之反潛搜索行動中，能提供現場指揮官利用有效的戰術戰法，發揮最大的戰力。

This thesis aims at studying the three major components in anti-submarine warfare framework, namely the ocean environments, the acoustic parameters, the sonar performance and its relationship with searching tactics. The in-situ data and historical data base are used for ocean environment input. The observation data and numerical simulations of acoustic transmission losses are compared for the experiment sites. Two field acoustic experiments were conducted in the northeast and southwest regions around Taiwan waters. The data results are used in verifying the ocean environment variability (ocean thermal structure, sound speed profiles, and bathymetry) and its relationship with acoustic parameters such as acoustic transmission losses. Sonar parameters in passive sonar equations are assumed for the calculations of detection probability, lateral range curves and sweep width. Test cases for the northeast and southwest regions in different months are presented. The results for this work is to link the ocean environment variability to the sonar performance, thus offers the naval commanders a more realistic undersea warfare scenario.