從組織願景探討跨組織資訊系統之擴散 - 以台灣境外基金產業為例

Abstract

《潘朵拉的希望》一詞源自於希臘神話中的寓言故事，社會科學家拉圖以此為名，重新定義科學研究的實在觀點。此箴言意味著，研究的最終造詣應是要藉由轉換不同的理論觀點來瞭解現象，以達成「讓資料自己說話」的宗旨。本文以組織願景（organizing vision）為理論視角出發，探討直通式交易處理（STP）一金融跨組織資訊系統（financial - IOIS）在台灣境外基金產業的採納與擴散。 本研究之目的有二。一是進行跨組織研究，由所處的社經脈絡，探究IOIS的動態導入過程；二是經由詮釋型個案，深化對IOIS擴散過程的瞭解。本研究以台灣境外基金產業為田野、直通式交易處理為個案調查對象，採用組織願景的概念並結合產業轉型之三大研究觀點，揭露不同社會參與者對於科技的動態詮釋過程、採納論述與導入行為。具體而論，本研究乃是針對過往十年間，境外基金社群對STP的論述加以分析，揭示出不同產業之參與者，在不同的STP導入時期，所扮演的不同角色，並貢獻出不同型態的知識。 研究結果發現，洞悉採用者的在地實務與文化習俗，有助於理解本土社群中對地域性科技的體現與配適問題。此外也突顯出，以不同理論視角，重新檢視異質機構與使用者論點對於IOIS概念的形成、建構與發展的迫切性。此舉有助於彙集產業相關工作人員朝向共同願景邁進。 本研究之理論性貢獻在於：顯示出不同的情境因素在IOIS導入流程中如何構成、限制與重新界定此一不斷演進之論述。而對研究方法論的貢獻則在於：顯示出結合詮釋型個案研究與紮根理論、作為解釋資訊系統研究的分析工具之價值。另外，實務面的貢獻在於：描繪出跨組織言說對型塑資訊科技創新的詮釋與理解扮演重要角色。 整體而言，本研究揭露了跨組織言說對於科技與組織間相互的建構關係，並以歷程分析與異質行動者的實務內涵，提出研究上歷時性與共時性之洞見。

“Pandora’s Hope,” an artifact in Greek mythology, is used as the title of Latour’s (1999) “Essays on the Reality of Science Studies.” The phrase means that one should never speak of ‘data’ – what is given – but rather of sublata, that is, of “achievements” (p.42). Using the term analogously for “let the data speak for itself,” this thesis applies organizing vision as a theoretical framework to trace the adoption and diffusion of a financial inter-organizational information system (IOIS) in Taiwan Offshore Fund Industry. Our objective is twofold: to go beyond the organizational boundaries and inquire into the socio-economic nature of the IOIS implementation process; and to enhance our understanding of implementation dynamics associated with IOIS diffusion. Using Taiwan Offshore Fund Industry as the institutional setting and Straight-Through-Processing (STP) as the financial IOIS, this research applies the concept of organizing vision in conjunction with three research perspectives on industry transformation to reveal the dynamics of interpretations, adoption rationales, and implementation actions among different social actors. The community discourses on STP over a 10-year period were analyzed to explore how different industry actors have played different roles at different times, and contributed different types of knowledge towards STP’s implementation. The findings highlight the need for the inclusion of alternative views on the conceptualization, construction and development of IOIS by paying close empirical attention to the various contradictory institutions and ideas that bring people together and inspire them to act toward a common vision. To initiate and stimulate the implementation process, it is crucial to learn about the local practices and culture to ensure that the understanding of STP aligns with the business problem of the local community. The theoretical contribution of this research arises from the illustration of how different contextual elements constitute, constrain and redefine the evolving discourse during the IOIS implementation process. The methodological contribution lies in demonstrating the value of combining an interpretive case study with grounded theory as an analytical tool in interpretive information systems research. The practical contribution of the thesis is that it points to the importance of discourse in shaping the interpretation and understanding of IS innovation.