同島一命：東莒島與西莒島的生態政治和儀式實踐

Abstract

國共內戰以至冷戰的經歷，使得馬祖列島成為共產與資本主義政治勢力相接之處。維繫軍隊存續的活動深切的改變小島上人類維生的方式。1940年代前，環境可被地方民間宗教實踐所理解。但在戰爭開始影響小島後，土壤與水源短缺限制了軍事與行政力量施展的方式。因此小島環境性的構築，就是環境與行政意圖跟儀式實踐之間的角力。本論文將描寫十九世紀以降馬祖列島的莒光二島上，政治與宗教實踐的辯證特質。其中物質處境透過環境治理技術與家戶與跨家戶的儀式實質化『家戶』，成為國家公民與儀式主體。

From the Chinese civil War to the Cold War, Matsu Islands had become a combat zone where the global Communists and Capitalists political ideologies met and encountered. The maintaince of military rediness fundamentally transform the general human subsistence in these rock islands. Before 1940s, the environment was contained and comprehended by the local practices of popular religion. Since the war affected the islands, the shortage of soil and water of islands limited the ways military and the administrative politics processes to their policy objective. As a result, the environmentality on the islands has became a constant war between environment and intentional administration and ritual practices. This thesis elaborates the dialectic characters of politics and religious practices on the Chuguang Islands of Matsu since the late 19th. The material condition substantiates the social unit “household” as both state citizen and ritual subject by the governmental technology of ecology and the domestic and inter-household rituals.