論我國警察機關通訊監察實務與人權保障

Abstract

本論文擬討論通訊監察監督之強化及通訊監察建置機關地位之變革。 首先，由於通訊監察的特性，比傳統刑事訴訟程序對基本權干預更為強烈，為有效保障人權，避免違法監聽，根據大法官在釋字第603號、第631號解釋關於秘密通訊自由、隱私權保障之意旨，應遵循正當法律程序等原則，透過司法、立法等途徑，加強監督聲請、執行、通知、銷毀等程序。

其次，通訊監察建置機關面臨政治監聽、全面預錄監聽等疑慮，為降低政治力干預，有必要將通訊監察建置機關與執行機關脫鉤，將建置機關改制為獨立機關。進一步，遵循大法官於釋字第613號解釋意旨，於符合我國憲政體制下，使通訊監察建置機關專業自主運作，並朝向最小侵害發展，以兼顧人權保障及偵查犯罪之目標。

This thesis will discuss the strengthening of the supervision of the communication surveillance and the revolution of the communication surveillance construction agency. First, as a reseult of the characteristics of the communication surveillance, its violation on the fundermental human rights is stronger than the traditional intervention of criminal procecution. In order to protect the human rights and avoid illegal wiretapping, according to researching the J.Y Interpretation No 603,631 explaining for the confidential communications freedom and privacy protection, we should follow the principles such as due process of law,etc., and strengthen supervision on applications, enforcement, notification, destruction and other procedures through judicial, legislative and other ways. Second, the communication surveillance agency faces the doubts of political wiretapping, comprehensive pre-wiretapping. In order to reduce the political intervention, it is necessary to separate between communication surveillance construction and enforcement agencies, and to rebuild communications surveillance construction agency as independent administrative one. Furtherly, abiding by the J.Y Interpretation No. 613 and fitting in with our constitutional systems, we should make it professional self-operation, and towards the principle of the minimization requirement to look after both the protection of human rights and the investgation of crime.