液態醱酵培養裂褶菌之溶纖活性研究與應用

Abstract

裂褶菌(Schizophyllum commune)是一廣泛分布於世界各地的菇蕈種類，並於傳統醫學中，因其富含蛋白質與具有抗血栓療效的特性而受到重視。近年來，已發展國家中的人們對於預防以及治療血栓性疾病之研究，莫不投注以相當高的關注，而同時科學家們於眾多研究中，也希望再找到安全性更高與更有效的抗血栓藥物，來預防與治療血栓性疾病。本研究利用橫掃式分子過濾以及快速液相層析技術，自醱酵培養的裂褶菌培養液中，純化一分子量為21.32 kDa，具備溶解纖維蛋白活性的新穎溶纖蛋白酶(fibrinolytic protease)，並發現於pH 5.0與溫度45°C時其具有最佳的酵素活性，且其受EDTA抑制以及可受鎂離子刺激提升活性。研究亦發現，此蛋白酶亦具有溶解纖維蛋白原活性與不具誘發人類溶纖維蛋白酶原活化的作用，並於血液血栓彈力圖分析中，也確被證實具有降低血液凝固強度與纖溶作用過度的現象，除此之外，由對小鼠動脈粥狀硬化病症發生過程之研究得知，裂褶菌醱酵產物具有降低血栓塞形成，保護肝臟、心臟以及其他組織器官受到損害之明顯效果

Schizophyllum commune, a widely distributed medical mushroom, is valued by rich in protein content and with anti-thrombotic activity in traditional medicine. Prevention and therapy of thrombotic diseases have attracted much attention in people whom lived in developed countries during recent years. Investigators have been looking for safer and more effective thrombolytic agents for therapy of thrombotic diseases. In this study, a fibrinolytic activity protease was purified from S. commune fermented broth by cross-flow filtration and FPLC. The properties were characterized and showed 21.32 kDa in molecular mass and optimal activity at pH 5.0 and 45°C. The fibrinolytic activities which upregulated by magnesium and inhibited by EDTA were proven. Subsequently, the protease was found failure in plasminogen activation, and studied in animal experiments. As the thromboelastography result showed, S. commune fibrinolytic protease can reduce the strength of blood clot and prevent excessive systemic fibrinolysis. Moreover, the protein extract from fermented S. commune was proven with innovative anti-thrombotic activity and protection effects of internal organs damage in atherosclerosis pathogenesis study.