互聯電力系統AGC控制器參數之研究

Abstract

電力系統頻率，是電力系統電能質量的三大性能指標之一。頻率穩定是對電力系統運行的基本要求，其前提是發電與負載及電網損耗功率的相互匹配。如何根據電力系統負載變化，隨時調整發電機出力來適應負載變動需求，這是自動發電控制所需解決的問題。 針對互聯電力系統具有時變、非線性、大滯後、不確定性等特性，常規的PID控制器無法達到較好的控制效果，為提高對複雜系統的控制性能，本文設計基於模糊控制的自適應PID控制器系統，並於傳統PID控制器進行比較。模擬結果顯示：在互聯電力系統中，自適應模糊PID控制器提高了系統的動、靜態特性，使系統獲得了較佳的性能，提高了系統的控制性能指標。之後又使用粒子群尋優演算法來獲取PID控制參數的最佳值，通過觀察兩區域頻率和聯絡線交換功率變化等動態響應情況，證明該方法的可行性和優越性。

The power system frequency is one of the three performance indicators of the power system operating quality. Frequency stability is the basic requirement for the operation of the power system. The premise is that the power generation and load including the power loss of the network match each other. According to the load changes of the power system, how to adjust the output of the generator at any time to meet the requirements of the load changes is a problem solved by the automatic generation control. The interconnected power system has time-varying, nonlinear, large delay, uncertainty and other characteristics. The conventional PID controller can not achieve excellent control performance. In order to improve the control performance of the complex system, this thesis designs the adaptive PID controller based on fuzzy control. Comparing with the conventional PID controller, the simulation results show that: in the interconnected power system, the adaptive PID controller based on fuzzy control improves the dynamic and static characteristics of the system. Afterwards, we use the particle swarm optimization algorithm to obtain the best value of the PID control parameters. Through observing the dynamic response conditions such as the frequency of the two regions and the change of the exchange power of the connection lines, we can prove the feasibility and superiority of the method.