24-GHz 多調變模式車用雷達系統

Abstract

現今人們對於汽車主動、被動的安全防護措施越來越重視，以致許多的新車已將車用防撞雷達作為標配，而目前正極力發展的無人駕駛/自動駕駛功能，這也需要多顆車用雷達來支援，隨著科技的進步與環保意識的抬頭，汽車產業將朝零污染和智慧化的方向來發展，未來汽車的電子化程度將會越來越高，車用雷達勢必也會整入為高度電子化汽車的一部分。本論文提出了一個利用40奈米互補式金屬氧化半導體製程之24GHz包含頻率調變連續波與多頻移鍵控模式的一發四收車用雷達，此雷達包含低雜訊放大器、功率放大器、混波器、頻率合成器、帶隙參考電壓電路，本碩文著重在射頻電路設計與雷達系統的分析，低雜訊放大器使用兩級共源極疊接共閘極架構並配合可變增益中頻放大器使得整體接受器增益為37.98分貝，以及發射器提供13.4分貝毫瓦的功率。

Nowadays people are paying more attention to the safety protection of automobiles, so automotive radars are general equipment for an automobile. A self-driving car that is developing must equip many automotive radars to support. With the progress of technology and the rise of environmental awareness, the automobile industry will develop in green and intelligentization. In the future, the electric vehicle is the mainstream, and the automotive radar is an indispensable part of the vehicle. This thesis presents a 24-GHz multi-modulation mode 1T4R automotive radar in 40-nm standard CMOS technology. The radar includes low noise amplifier, power amplifier, mixer, frequency synthesizer, and bandgap reference. This thesis focuses on the analysis of RF circuit design and radar systems. The noise amplifier that uses two-stage cascode structure with the variable gain IF amplifier provides 37.98dB overall receiver conversion gain and the transmitter provides 13.4dBm output power.