黃連木葉子精油抑制黑色素生成之活性

Abstract

本研究使用水蒸餾法萃取黃連木（Pistacia chinensis ）葉子精油，以氣相層析法分析其中成分，其中最主要的成分為Limonene，占精油總量之57.06％，而精油中其他含量較多的化合物，依序為3-Carene（12.36％）、Selinene（5.65％）、Caryophyllene（5.08％）、Caryophyllene oxide（2.68％）等化合物。Limonene為黃連木葉子精油中最主要成分，而在自然界中以兩種不同光學異構物存在，右旋構型的D-Limonene及左旋構型的L-Limonene，本研究分別以黃連木葉子精油、D-Limonene及L-Limonene評估其黑色素生成抑制效果。 蕈類酪胺酸活性抑制分析，以L-Tyrosine或L-DOPA為基質時，黃連木葉子精油、D-Limonene及L-Limonene皆能產生良好的抑制效果，以L-Tyrosine為基質時，黃連木葉子精油及D-Limonene為對於酪胺酸酶為混合型抑制劑，L-Limonene則為競爭型抑制物；以 L-DOPA 為基質時，黃連木葉子精油及D-Limonene 為競爭型抑制劑，L-Limonene 則為混合型抑制物。由斑馬魚胚胎黑色素生成的評估結果，黃連木葉子精油、D-Limonene及L-Limonene在不對斑馬魚胚胎生長發育造成影響的情況下，對其體內的黑色素生成有明顯的抑制效果，IC50值依序為38.16 μg/mL 、44.83 μg/mL及72.87 μg/mL。 綜合上述結果，黃連木葉子精油與其成分D-Limonene及L-Limonene，皆對於黑色素生成有顯著的抑制效果，相當具有發展潛能之天然成分，希望未來能夠進一步研究作用機制，將其應用在相關領域當中。

In this study, the leaf essential oil of Pistacia chinensis was extracted by water distillation. The components were analyzed by gas chromatography, and the main component was Limonene with the relative content of 57.06%. Other compounds with a high relative content was 3-Carene (12.36%), Selinene (5.65%), Caryophyllene (5.08%), and Caryophyllene oxide (2.68%). Limonene is the main component of P. chinensis leaf essential oil, and it exists in nature in two different optical isomers, D-Limonene in the right-handed configuration and L-Limonene in the left-handed configuration. Therefore, the inhibitory effect of melanin is evaluated by the leaf essential oil of P. chinensis, D-Limonene and L-Limonene. Results showed that when L-Tyrosine or L-DOPA was used as the substrate in the antityrosinase activity test, the leaf essential oil of P. chinensis, D-limonene and L-limonene exhibited great inhibitory effects. In antimelanogenesis test of zebrafish embryos, the leaf essential oil of P. chinensis, D-limonene and L-limonene had excellent inhibitory effect on the melanin production of zebrafish embryo without affecting its body growth and development, and IC50 values were 38.16 μg/mL (essential oil of P. chinensis), 44.83 μg/mL (D-limonene) and 72.87 μg/mL (L-limonene). Accordingly, the leaf essential oil of P. chinensis is a melanin inhibitor with development potential, and we hope that it can be applied in related fields in the future.