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完整後設資料紀錄
DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
---|---|---|
dc.contributor.advisor | 葉怡玉(Yei-Yu Yeh) | |
dc.contributor.author | Szu-Hung Lin | en |
dc.contributor.author | 林思宏 | zh_TW |
dc.date.accessioned | 2021-06-08T02:52:54Z | - |
dc.date.copyright | 2017-08-25 | |
dc.date.issued | 2017 | |
dc.date.submitted | 2017-08-11 | |
dc.identifier.citation | Ahmed, L., & de Fockert, J. W. (2012). Working memory load can both improve and impair selective attention: Evidence from the Navon paradigm. Attention, Perception & Psychophysics, 74, 1397-1405.
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dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/20552 | - |
dc.description.abstract | 本論文的目的為探討工作記憶的儲存如何影響注意力控制的運作。此類型的研究主要是採用雙作業的派典,要求實驗參與者接續進行儲存、注意力控制作業(衝突控制、反應抑制、作業設定轉換、以及記憶訊息更新等)以及記憶再認作業,並操弄記憶負荷的高與低來檢驗工作記憶負荷對於注意力控制效能的影響。此議題在過去研究中可大致區分為兩種:一種是工作記憶負荷對外衍性注意力運作的影響;另一種則是工作記憶負荷對內源性注意力運作的影響。過去對於工作記憶負荷對外衍性注意力運作的影響已被反覆驗證,但所得到的結果並不一致。主要的爭議在於工作記憶的維持與注意力控制的運作是競爭單一共同的資源庫(領域一般性),或是會因為所處理的表徵領域(語音或視覺空間)不同而運用不同的資源庫(領域特殊性)。探討工作記憶負荷影響內源性注意力運作的研究相對較少,主要的發現是工作記憶負荷會影響內源性注意力的運作,但並沒有著墨於領域一般性與領域特殊性的議題。整合過去理論模型與實徵研究的證據,我認為產生不同效果的原因在於注意力控制運作時所涉及的表徵處理情境不同所造成。主要的情境有三種:控制歷程中涉及工作記憶表徵與知覺表徵的比對、不涉及兩種表徵的比對且控制歷程發生在作業規則的選擇以及不涉及兩種表徵的比對且控制歷程發生在工作記憶表徵的更新。本論文的三個系列研究分別就這三種情境探討工作記憶負荷如何影響注意力控制的運作。研究一採用側翼作業與賽門作業以探討工作記憶負荷如何影響表徵比對所引發的反應衝突控制。研究二採用停止信號作業、順向-逆向眼動作業以及作業設定轉換作業來探討工作記憶負荷對於反應規則抑制與作業設定重組的影響。研究三則是採用運行記憶作業與數字排序測驗來探討工作記憶負荷對於記憶表徵更新的影響。研究結果發現:當注意力控制的運作歷程涉及知覺表徵與工作記憶表徵比對時(情境一),工作記憶負荷會影響注意力的運作,且此影響具有領域特殊性的效果(研究一與研究三);當注意力控制的運作發生在作業規則的重組,不涉及知覺表徵與工作記憶表徵比對(情境二),則工作記憶負荷不會對注意力控制的運作產生影響(研究二);若是注意力控制的運作只發生在對工作記憶表徵的更新,不涉及知覺表徵與工作記憶表徵比對(情境三),則工作記憶負荷對注意力控制的影響具有領域一般性的效果(研究三)。本論文的三個系列研究發現工作記憶的儲存對於注意力控制的影響確實會依據作業情境的差異而有不同效果。此結果不僅釐清過去有關領域一般性與領域特殊性的爭議,也更細緻地描繪工作記憶的儲存與注意力的運作在競爭資源時依情境不同而產生的變化。 | zh_TW |
dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-08T02:52:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ntu-106-D99227105-1.pdf: 3984780 bytes, checksum: 6ffe87b0b8f4f3c3d86c9ea3cd2b5dad (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017 | en |
dc.description.tableofcontents | 目次
文獻回顧 1 小結:工作記憶儲存對於注意力運作的影響 14 情境相依影響模型 15 工作記憶負荷對於注意力控制的影響 21 工作記憶負荷對於外衍性注意力的影響:領域特殊性效果 21 工作記憶負荷對於外衍性注意力的影響:領域一般性效果 28 工作記憶負荷對於內源性注意力的影響 32 研究目的 39 研究一:工作記憶負荷對於選擇性注意力的影響 41 實驗一 44 實驗二 54 實驗三 62 研究一結論 69 研究二:工作記憶負荷對於注意力選擇作業規則的影響 71 實驗一 73 實驗二 79 實驗三 85 研究二結論 91 研究三:工作記憶負荷對於更新工作記憶表徵的影響 93 實驗一 95 實驗二 101 實驗三 106 研究三結論 112 綜合討論 113 對於工作記憶理論模型的意涵 122 對於注意力理論模型的意涵 125 限制與未來研究 126 參考文獻 129 作者履歷 143 表目次 表一 文獻慣用實驗程序整理(一) 25 表二 文獻慣用實驗程序整理(二) 30 表三 文獻慣用實驗程序整理(三) 36 表四 研究一實驗一工作記憶作業的平均正確率(%)與平均反應時間(毫秒) 49 表五 研究一實驗二工作記憶作業的平均正確率(%)與平均反應時間(毫秒) 57 表六 研究一實驗三工作記憶作業的平均正確率(%)與平均反應時間(毫秒) 65 表七 研究二實驗一工作記憶作業的平均正確率(%)與平均反應時間(毫秒) 76 表八 研究二實驗二工作記憶作業的平均正確率(%)與平均反應時間(毫秒) 82 表九 研究二實驗三工作記憶作業的平均正確率(%)與平均反應時間(毫秒) 88 表十 研究三實驗一工作記憶作業的平均正確率(%)與平均反應時間(毫秒) 99 表十一 研究三實驗二工作記憶作業的平均正確率(%)與平均反應時間(毫秒) 103 表十二 研究三實驗三工作記憶作業的平均正確率(%)與平均反應時間(毫秒) 109 圖目次 圖一 多重成份工作記憶模型(Baddeley, 2012)示意圖 4 圖二 工作記憶模型(Oberauer, 2002, 2009) 5 圖三 注意力架構示意圖(Chun et al., 2011) 7 圖四 以時間為基的資源分享模型示意圖 9 圖五 情境相依影響模型示意圖 17 圖六 情境一示意圖:知覺表徵與工作記憶表徵進行比對 18 圖七 情境二示意圖:注意力控制發生在規則的重組 19 圖八 情境三示意圖:注意力控制發生在工作記憶表徵的更新 20 圖九 研究一實驗一A的實驗程序示意圖 47 圖十 研究一實驗一平均反應時間(毫秒)與正確率(%)的結果圖 52 圖十一 研究一實驗二A的實驗程序示意圖 56 圖十二 研究一實驗二平均反應時間(毫秒)與正確率(%)的結果圖 60 圖十三 研究一實驗三的實驗程序示意圖 64 圖十四 研究一實驗三平均反應時間(毫秒)與正確率(%)的結果圖 68 圖十五 研究二實驗一的實驗程序示意圖 75 圖十六 研究二實驗一停止信號作業的結果圖 78 圖十七 研究二實驗二順向-逆向眼動作業的實驗流程示意圖 81 圖十八 研究二實驗二工作記憶作業的平均反應時間結果圖 83 圖十九 研究二實驗二順向-逆向眼動作業的結果圖 84 圖二十 研究二實驗三作業設定轉換作業的實驗流程示意圖 87 圖二十一 研究二實驗三作業設定轉換作業的結果圖 90 圖二十二 研究三實驗一運行記憶作業的實驗流程示意圖 97 圖二十三 研究三實驗一運行記憶作業的結果圖 100 圖二十四 研究三實驗二運行記憶作業的實驗流程示意圖 102 圖二十五 研究三實驗二運行記憶作業的結果圖 105 圖二十六 研究三實驗三數字排序測驗的實驗流程示意圖 108 圖二十七 研究三實驗三數字排序測驗的結果圖 111 圖二十八 工作記憶的儲存影響選擇性注意力運作的示意圖 115 圖二十九 工作記憶的儲存影響注意力控制作業規則選擇的示意圖 118 圖三十 工作記憶的儲存影響作業設定轉換作業運作的示意圖 119 圖三十一 工作記憶的儲存對注意力控制更新工作記憶表徵影響的示意圖 121 | |
dc.language.iso | zh-TW | |
dc.title | 運作的表徵層次調控工作記憶負荷對注意力控制效能的影響 | zh_TW |
dc.title | The Level of Operated Representation Modulates the Effect of Working Memory Load on the Efficiency of Attentional Control | en |
dc.type | Thesis | |
dc.date.schoolyear | 105-2 | |
dc.description.degree | 博士 | |
dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 陳學志(Hsueh-Chih Chen),何明洲(Ming-Chou Ho),趙軒甫(Hsuan-Fu Chao),楊政達(Cheng-Ta Yang),郭柏呈(Bo-Cheng Kuo) | |
dc.subject.keyword | 注意力控制,工作記憶,領域一般性,領域特殊性, | zh_TW |
dc.subject.keyword | attentional control,working memory,domain-specific,domain-general, | en |
dc.relation.page | 143 | |
dc.identifier.doi | 10.6342/NTU201703043 | |
dc.rights.note | 未授權 | |
dc.date.accepted | 2017-08-11 | |
dc.contributor.author-college | 理學院 | zh_TW |
dc.contributor.author-dept | 心理學研究所 | zh_TW |
顯示於系所單位: | 心理學系 |
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