中國家族財富管理研究：基於民生銀行私人業務轉型分析

Abstract

改革開放以來，中國的富一代經歷並抓住了中國的物質緊缺、市場巨大而資訊不對稱的歷史機遇，成就了一番事業。隨著時間推移，現在都逐步面臨著家族企業管理、傳承的不同挑戰和困境。家族企業的財富管理需求越來越引起國內金融機構的重視。全球私人銀行業務已經擁有幾百年歷史，而國內剛剛起步。從國內銀行的發展趨勢看，私人銀行業務已成為多家銀行的核心業務之一。探索私人銀行如何幫助家族企業解決自身存在的問題，尋找一條健康發展之路，從而推動中國經濟的穩健增長，這是私人銀行長遠發展的突破口，也是銀行業義不容辭的責任。 本文回顧了國內外家族財富管理的現狀、優勢和局限，分析了私人銀行業務的本源，以民生銀行私人銀行業務為背景，以家族信託、家族基金等業務為抓手，結合美的集團家族企業管理與傳承設計的案例，從其在企業傳承過程中遭遇的實際問題入手，從選擇傳承模式、培養接班人、化解委託代理矛盾、成立家族基金四個方面探索家族企業財富管理面臨的問題及對策。本文認為，“美的模式”這一特殊的家族企業傳承方式，對於國內民營企業家們來說具有一定的借鑒意義。家族企業可根據企業發展情況選擇繼承模式。同時，私人銀行可以助力家族企業的管理與傳承。私人銀行與家族企業的合作，既是當下國內私人銀行發展模式的突破口，也是家族企業實現企業長青與家族利益傳承順利達成並互相促進的相對最優選擇。

Since the reform and opening up, China's wealthy frist generation seized the material shortage of China and the market's historical opportunity to make their career. But now they face the challenges and difficulties of family business management and inheritance.The management need of the wealth of the family enterprise gradually cause the attention of domestic financial institutions.The global private banking already has a history of hundreds of years. From the development trend of domestic banks, private banking has become one of the core business of a lot of banks. Exploring how private banks help family business to solve their own problems, finding a healthy way of development, so as to promote the steady growth of China's economy, which is a breakthrough in the long-term development of private banks, and also the responsibility of Chinese banking industry. This paper reviews the current situation ,advantages and limitations of family wealth management at home and abroad,and analyzes the origin of the private banking business. The research is based on Minsheng Bank private banking business and family business fund, combined with the case of Midea family enterprise. Focus on the actual problems Midea encountered during the transmission, we expore the solution from four aspects: selecting inheritance model, cultivating successor, resolving agent problems and seting up family fund. This paper believes that “Midea pattern” has a certain reference on doumestic private entrepreneurs. Family enterprise can choose the inheritance mode according to the enterprise development. At the same time, private banks can help family business management and heritage. The cooperation of private banks and family enterprise, is not only the breakthrough for the development of the domestic private banks , but also the relative optimal choice for family business to realize its evergreen enterprises and family inheritance