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標題: | 高分子彈性體固態電解質於染料敏化太陽能電池應用及奈米混成導電材料 Polymeric Elastomer as Solid Electrolytes for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell and Nanohybrids Conductive Films |
作者: | Sheng-Yen Shen 沈聖彥 |
指導教授: | 林江珍 |
關鍵字: | 高分子彈性體,交聯聚合物,凝固態染料敏化太陽能電池,聚?,石墨烯,導電度,奈米銀粒子,熔融, Polymeric elastomer,Cross-link polymer,Quasi-solid-state dye-sensitized solar cell,Polyurea,Graphene,Conductivity,Silver nanoparticle,Melt, |
出版年 : | 2016 |
學位: | 博士 |
摘要: | 本論文分為二部分,主要研究合成高分子型彈性體作為凝固態電解質於染料敏化太陽能電池之應用及製備石墨烯/奈米銀粒子之分散液,探討其成膜後之導電性及機制。在第一部分,合成兩大類的高分子型彈性體吸收電解液以取代液態電解質應用於染料敏化太陽能電池之效能評估。在第二章中,藉由分散劑合成之經驗,合成出具有澎潤特性之高分子彈性體,並將此彈性體吸收於不同溶劑下之液態電解液,以製備出一高分子膠態電解質,此高分子膠態電解質於染料敏化太陽能電池測試下,發現含有碳酸丙烯酯溶劑之高分子膠態電解質具有最高之光電轉換效率(η = 8.31%)及長效性,且其效率也高於液態型的染料敏化太陽能電池(η = 7.89%);第三章合成具有不同官能基及結構式之高分子彈性體以應用於染料敏化太陽能電池探討。本章合成出具有聚脲結構之高分子彈性體,以優化前一章之高分子彈性體吸收完液態電解液後之尺寸安定性,此交聯結構是由單體間之化學鍵結及分子鏈間之氫鍵構成,其同時具有透明性及澎潤特性,且尺寸安定性更佳。將此彈性體製備成高分子電解質應用於染料敏化太陽能電池之電解質,研究發現此彈性體之環氧乙烷鏈段可抓住電解液中之鋰離子並加速電解液中I-/I3- 之氧化還原速率,進而提升其導離度及短路電流,此高分子電解質相對於液態電解質展現出較高光電轉換效率及高長效性。第二部分中,藉由高分子分散劑製備出奈米複合材料之分散液,並藉由一系列退火程序,以製備出具導電性之奈米材料。第四章中針對石墨烯結構設計具有效分散性之聚亞醯胺高分子型分散劑,此分散劑可分散石墨烯且同時幫助還原穩定銀粒子於奈米尺度,藉由穿透式電子顯微鏡下觀察到奈米銀粒子修飾於石墨烯表面上,並將此石墨烯/奈米銀分散液塗佈於基材上,在一低溫退火程序下,發現此薄膜具有高導電性(5.9×103 S/cm)並探討其奈米銀粒子於不同溫度退火下之遷移與排列。 There are two parts in this dissertation, aiming to investigate the polymeric elastomer as polymer gel electrolyte for quasi-solid-state dye-sensitized solar cell application and preparation of graphene/ silver nanoparticle to discuss the conductivity and mechanism after annealing to form a film. In the first part, synthesis of two families of polymeric elastomer to absorb liquid electrolyte for the use in DSSCs to substitute liquid-state DSSC. In past experience of synthesis, we synthesized polymeric elastomer that has swelling properties, then absorbing various electrolyte solvents to form polymer gel electrolytes. Among these solvents, propylene carbonate (PC) was selected as the optimized PGE, which demonstrated a higher power conversion efficiency (8.31%) than that of the liquid electrolyte (7.89%). In particular, it has long-term stability with only 5% decrease in the cell efficiency after 1,000 h (Chapter 2); the structural differences in chemical functionalities of the synthesized polymeric elastomer were investigated in DSSCs. The dimension stability of polyurea type elastomer (POE-PU) is higher than that of POE-PAI elastomer after soaking in liquid electrolyte. The network structure is comprised of chemical bonding and hydrogen bonding between monomers and polymer chains, respectively. The high performance is attributed to POE-PU containing POE segment which can chelate lithium cations (Li+) to facilitate the I–/I3– ion redox rates and increase the ionic conductivity of the electrolyte of the pertinent DSSC. It also showed the long-term stability after 1,000 h (Chapter 3). In the second part, a dispersion of nanomaterials was prepared in the presence of a polymeric dispersant and subsequent annealing to form conductive nanomaterials. The structure of the dispersants will be adjusted or modified to match the intimate nteraction with graphene surface. The tandem procedures of dispersing graphene were done and then AgNPs were developed to prepare graphene-tethered AgNPs nanohybrids. The graphene/Ag solution was casted on substrate and annealed. The electrically conductive film was prepared and showed a high conductivity up to 5.9×103 S/cm, at the film annealing temperature of 160 °C. The mechanism of the migration and manipulation of the morphological alignment of silver nanoparticles will be discussed (Chapter 4). |
URI: | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/19323 |
DOI: | 10.6342/NTU201600928 |
全文授權: | 未授權 |
顯示於系所單位: | 高分子科學與工程學研究所 |
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