台灣地區核心與邊陲產業薪資差異之因素探討

Abstract

本論文主要探討核心與邊陲產業工作者之薪資差異，並嘗試以人力資本理論、補償性工資差異理論、雙元勞動力市場理論來驗證。除了上述之研究目的外，本論文亦針對核心與邊陲產業工作者薪資差異之估計方法進行改善，主要以「內生轉換迴歸模型」與「Oaxaca薪資分解法」探討兩者間之薪資差異。經實證研究發現：(1) 核心與邊陲產業工作者其薪資估計式具有結構上之差異，即具有雙元勞動市場之情形。(2) 學歷科系背景為大專以上自然組、職業別為專業職、配偶收入較高者，其較傾向選擇從事核心產業工作。(3) 職業災害風險、現職年資、潛在工作經驗越高，核心產業工作者所獲得之薪資報酬皆相對高於邊陲產業工作者。(4) 本研究所使用之三個理論架構皆可解釋核心與邊陲產業薪資差異之現象，然而，整體來說，勞動市場雙元化是導致邊陲服務業低薪的主因。

This study mainly explored the wage differentials between core and periphery industries. Simultaneously, try to use human capital theory, compensating wage differentials theory, and dual labor market theory to verify the phenomenon. In addition, this study also made improvements on methods that estimate the wage differentials between core and periphery industry workers, especially on the 'endogenous switching model' and the 'Oaxaca decomposition method'. The results from empirical study showed: (1) There’s architectural difference of the wage estimation between the core and periphery industry workers, and this indicates the dual labor market.(2) Workers with academic background of science major, professional jobs, higher income spouse, are more inclined to choose core industries.(3) For workers with higher occupational accident risks, seniority at current posts, and more prospective years of service, their wages and compensations are higher if they are core industry employees than they are not.(4) In this paper, all of the three theoretical framework can explain the phenomenon of wage differentials between core industry workers and periphery industry workers, and then the labor market dualism is the main reason to cause the low-wage service industries.