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標題: | 馬來西亞邊佳蘭反石化運動(2011-2015) The Anti-Petroleum Complex Movement in Pengerang, Malaysia (2011-2015) |
作者: | Chun-Yu Wang 王鈞瑜 |
指導教授: | 呂欣怡(Hsin-Yi Lu) |
關鍵字: | 馬來西亞華人,發展,環境運動,中下游石油和天然氣產業, Malaysian Chinese,development,environmental movement,downstream oil and gas industry, |
出版年 : | 2016 |
學位: | 碩士 |
摘要: | 本研究的目標是了解2011年至2015年間在馬來西亞邊佳蘭的反石化運動。我想知道不同族裔和階級的人們如何又為何差異性的經驗和回應這個石化發展和環境變遷。本論文分成三個部分:第一,有關「計畫」的章節,我指出發展經濟學理論「中收入國家的陷阱」如何旅行到馬來西亞並影響其長期國家發展計畫。我論證馬來西亞政府提出的「新經濟模型/經濟轉型計畫」系統性排除鄉村農漁民、剝奪他們的土地和海洋,並且透過符合環境影響評估和土地徵收程序合法化整個過程。第二,有關「抵抗」的章節,我指出憲法定義為「非原住民」的鄉村馬來西亞華人如何利用大選前的政治緊要關頭,將執政黨強區的在地反石化民怨變成顛覆性的全國運動,運動的氣勢又如何因為行動者無法克服的結構困難而消散。第三,有關「後果」的章節,我考察抗爭之後國家和資本權力部署的空間向度,以及新的自然和社會空間如何影響人們和其生活選擇。本研究主張馬來西亞社會運動研究應該認真看待社會運動中族群、階級、環境三者交互作用的情形及其所構成的特殊機會和限制,並且不應該低估鄉村人群作為積極政治社會行動主體的潛力。 The aim of the study is to understand the anti-petroleum complex movement in Pengerang, Malaysia from 2011-2015. I am interested in how and why people of different ethnic and class backgrounds differentially experienced and responded to the petro-development and environmental change. The thesis is divided into three parts. First, in the “Planning” chapter, I show how the development economic theory of “middle-income trap” traveled to Malaysia and informed the long term national development plans of Malaysia. I argue that the “New Economic Model/Economic Transformation Programme” proposed by the Malaysian government systematically excluded rural farmers and fishermen, deprived them of their land and sea, and legitimated the process by conforming to environmental risk assessment and land expropriation procedures. Second, in the “Resistance” chapter, I show how the constitutionally defined “non-indigenous” rural Malaysian Chinese took advantage of the political conjuncture before a general election and turned some local anti-petroleum complex grievances in a ruling coalition’s stronghold into a toppling national movement, and how the momentum of the movement dissipated due to the structural constraints the actors failed to overcome. Third, in the “Consequence” chapter, I examine the spatial dimension of the state and capital’s deployment of power after the struggle, and how the new natural and social spaces affected people and their life choices. This study adds to the Malaysian social movement studies by suggesting that we should take the dialectic relationship between ethnicity, class, and environment in social movements more seriously and attend to the particular set of chances and limitations it poses, and that we should not underestimate rural population’s potential as active sociopolitical actors. |
URI: | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/18985 |
DOI: | 10.6342/NTU201603381 |
全文授權: | 未授權 |
顯示於系所單位: | 人類學系 |
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