由中國大陸第三方支付發展經驗探討台灣銀行業未來之因應

Abstract

自從進入了網路時代，人們開始大量的發展線上購物的需求，但網路購物卻有資訊不對稱與個資外洩的風險，第三方支付遂因應而生。第三方支付是指付款人與受款人為了完成交易，將款項委託給一具信用與技術實力之第三方機構，經由此第三方機構把資金移轉到另一方的行為。 為了因應第三方支付服務業這新興產業的竄起，大凡世界重要國家（美國、歐盟、英國、日本、大陸）在過去10年間皆為第三方支付業務制定相關法條，惟我國法治與監理環境相較於其他國家發展仍屬初期，並未特別針對第三方支付業務制訂相關專法加以規範。今年2015年年初，「電子支付機構管理條例」由立法院三讀通過，並於5月實行。隨著法規的實行，未來第三方支付機構將不再處於法律灰色地帶，與銀行的競爭關係將勢不可避。 台灣在第三方支付領域尚處發展階段，惟中國大陸第三方支付已行之有年，且其經濟、地理、文化與本國較為相近，因此本論文將透過研究中國大陸第三方支付發展之經驗，探討銀行與第三方支付機構的競合關係，歸納銀行的競爭要素，並提出第三方支付專法執行後之策略建議。

People have developed great demands for online shopping recently, but shopping online has information asymmetry and privacy issues. So third party payment is born to solve theses problems. In definition, third party payment is a neutral institution with technical and credit ability that transfers money from one to another. In fact, developed countries have legislated to deal with this new business in the past ten years. Though Taiwan is in his initial stage for third party payment, the law for third payment is implemented in May 2015. Competition between third party payment institutions and banks is inevitable. Third party payment business has been mature in China. Due to environment of china is similar to environment of Taiwan, this study analyzes the competition between banks and third party payment institutions by learning from China’s experience. After the analytics, this study gives suggestion for banks’ strategy making in the future.