利用聚氨酯提升鈣鈦礦太陽能電池之穩定性研究

Abstract

本研究乃合成具有聚乙二醇鏈段的聚氨酯，並將其添加到含有氯化鉛和甲基碘化胺的鈣鈦礦前驅物溶液中，改善鈣鈦礦太陽能電池的穩定性及效率。 本研究利用利用紫外光/可見光分光光譜儀(UV/Visible spectroscopy, UV-vis)測量添加了不同比例的聚氨酯後，所形成的鈣鈦礦結晶在紫外光-可見光區的吸光範圍及強度，瞭解其變化；利用X-光繞射儀(X-Ray Diffraction, XRD)測量不同添加量的聚氨酯對於鈣鈦礦結晶強度的影響；利用掃描式電子顯微鏡(Scanning electron microscope, SEM)觀察聚氨酯對鈣鈦礦前驅物溶液的成膜性的影響；利用原子力顯微鏡(Atomic force microscopy, AFM)，觀察添加聚氨酯對主動層的表面粗糙度的影響。 由結果可知，當添加100:1(鈣鈦礦重:聚氨酯重)的聚氨酯後，可得到最佳效率，從8.08 %提升到13.16 %，提升超過60 %，而平均效率從6.5 %提升到12.67 %，近乎一倍的效果，填充因子更可以達到接近70 %，而標準差則從1.80降到0.43，由此可知元件穩定性已有所提升。

In this study, a kind of polyurethane which contains the polyethylene glycol segments is successfully synthesized. By adding the synthesized polyurethane into the perovskite precursor solution which composed by Lead (Π) chloride (PbCl2) and methylammonium iodide (MAI) we can enhance the stability and power efficiency of perovskite solar cell. To understand the change of light-harvesting ability of perovskite crystal with different amount of polyurethane additive, an UV/Visible spectroscopy (UV-vis) is chosen. X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) are used to measure the change of perovskite crystal’s intensity with different amount of polyurethane additive. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) helps us know how does the polyurethane affects the film formation ability of perovskite precursor solution. We use the Atomic force microscopy (AFM) to observe the change of surface roughness with different ratio of polyurethane additive. By adding the polyurethane in a 100:1 (perovskite:polyurethane) weight ratio, the best power efficiency can be enhance from 8.08 % up to 13.16 % which is 60 % increase compared to the standard. The average power efficiency can reach 12.67 % nearly twice of the standard (6.5 %). The fill factor can be reach almost 70 % and the standard derivation is reduced from 1.80 to 0.43.