以都市回收纖維、纖維酒精發酵廢棄物及環境友善膠合劑製作紙張與紙板性質研究

Abstract

隨著環保意識的崛起，廢棄物再利用成為資源永續再利用的主流。本研究探討以蒸煮處理之都市固體廢棄物回收纖維(Municipal solid waste derived fiber, MSWF)、纖維酒精發酵廢棄物(Cellulosic ethanol fermentation waste, CEFW)及茶葉廢棄物(Tea waste, TW)製作回收紙張及紙板之研究。 都市固體廢棄物回收纖維以155oC蒸煮60分，纖維酒精發酵廢棄物以100:0、90:10、80:20 及50:50的比例混合至蒸煮處理之都市回收纖維及舊報紙(Old newspaper, ONP)。茶葉廢棄物則是以80:20 及50:50比例與舊報紙混合，來製作紙張(60 g/m2) 及紙板(200 g/m2)並分析抗張、破裂及撕裂強度。 本實驗使用硫酸鹽製漿黑液之環境友善膠合劑(BLBD)來提升紙張及紙板的物理性質，結果顯示不論纖維的種類，物理性質隨著平均纖維長度呈線性增加。與商用尿素甲醛樹脂相比，添加BLBD對紙張及紙板物理性質可分別提升50%及85%，若再經過熱壓處理，無法進一步提升紙張及紙板的物理性質。在CEFW和MSWF中添加BLBD，可提升紙張及紙板的抗張及破裂強度，表現出合理替代ONP纖維的潛力。

With a rising environmental conscious, wastes reutilization schemes have become the mainstream of sustainable application of resources. This study investigates the feasibility of paper and paperboard products made by autoclaved treated municipal solid waste-derived fiber (MSWF), rice straw cellulosic ethanol fermentation waste (CEFW) and Tea waste (TW). MSW were steamed under 155oC for 60 minutes. CEFW were mixed with steamed MSW and old newspaper (ONP) with ratios of 100:0, 90:10, 80:20 and 50:50, various size of TW with ratios of 80:20 and 50:50. Feasibility of paper (60 g/m2) and paperboard (200 g/m2) production were investigated by analysing their tensile strengths, bursting strengths and tearing strengths. An environmental friendly from kraft black liquor derived binder (BLDB) was used to improve the physical properties of the paper and paperboard products. The values of these properties enhanced linearly with increasing average fiber lengths, regardless of the type of fiber used in the products. BLDB enhanced the physical properties by 50% for papers and 85% for paperboards, and compared with a commercial urea formaldehyde resin. Thermal pressing, however, did not improve the physical properties of the binder enhanced paper products. With the addition of the adhesive binder, CEFW and MSWF showed reasonable substitution potential for ONP fiber by providing suitable tensile and bursting strength in the paper and paperboard.