以即創視角探討新創事業發展歷程

Abstract

旺盛的創業活動近年來引發實務界及理論界的大量關注，新創中小企業在經濟體系中的重要性將與日俱增，投入創業將成為未來年輕人在就業以外一個重要的生涯發展路徑。政府積極營造優質創業環境，提振創業家精神，但雖有政府的新創事業獎項補助，但新創事業仍普遍面臨低存活率以及資源缺乏等限制，因此本研究主要以即創之觀點探討新創事業之發展歷程。 在新創事業的發展階段分類上，依據新創事業不同任務階段分成六大階段，分別為探勘問題期、挖掘知識期、事業發展計畫期、正式啟動期、成長期、穩定期，而研究者在後三個發展階段選取了符合特質之新創事業案例-買酷公司、Gogolook公司、馬修嚴選公司以多重個案研究法深入分析即創歷程。 研究結果發現：(一)、觀察新創事業發展過程，至第四階段正式營運時開始面臨與原先預期不同之決策點，新創事業於此階段需及時因應突發狀況改變產品與行銷策略。 (二)、新創事業透過即創行為使組織保持彈性，可快速回應外部環境變化並得以持續發展。(三)、新創事業資源缺乏的特性使得在即創時皆傾向『能力發展：尋求外部資源』尋找適合的合作夥伴，可見適合的合作夥伴對於新創事業的重要性頗高。相較之下，較無使用內部資源的拼貼行為。(四)、新創事業進行即創時，並非每項皆採取即創，而是判斷對於公司是否將促進公司未來成長與考慮時間壓力始進行即創行為。

Entrepreneurial firms is an increasingly important phenomenon discussed in the organizations, entrepreneurship, and strategy literatures, although Government have been planned some policy to help Entrepreneurial firms, there exist too many limitation and barriers. Therefore, this study is to exploring the development process of entrepreneurial firms from the perspective of improvisation

There are six development process of entrepreneurial firms based on the different task of Entrepreneurial firms, The researcher chooses three typical Entrepreneurial firms of Taiwan that match last three development process-Mine C, Gogolook, Matthew’s choice and uses multiple case study to analyze their development process of entrepreneurial firms from the perspective of improvisation. As this study show that : (1) in fourth step of development process, entrepreneurial firms usually encounter challenge so that change marketing and product strategy (2) by applying improvisation, the Entrepreneurial firms can make an improvement on flexibility and efficiency in highly urgent and uncertain opportunity and challenge;(3)external partners are essential factors in the resource combination of the entrepreneurial firms while executing improvisation;(4) findings indicate that Entrepreneurial firms usually improvisation the decision point that benefit to the future development of the entrepreneurial firms.