以FAST結合MATLAB/SIMULINK進行2MW風力發電機動態模擬與分析之研究

Abstract

本論文旨在以風機模擬軟體FAST結合MATLAB/SIMULINK來探討2MW直驅式風力發電機動態模擬與分析，分成兩部分來建立風力發電機動態系統，第一部分，從2MW風機獲取相關資料建立FAST風機模擬軟體所需的資料檔，包含葉片升力、阻力與變距力矩係數、葉片、塔架、風速與氣動力資料檔，FAST軟體主要是模擬風力發電機機機構動態行為。第二部分，建立直驅式永磁同步發電機系統、變旋角系統與偏航系統的數學模型，並且使用MATLAB/SIMULINK來實現。並加入控制理論來模擬風力發電機子系統，包含永磁同步發電機控制系統、變旋角控制系統、偏航控制系統與變轉速控制系統。整合控制策略與控制理論，實現2MW風機運轉在額定風速下，利用變轉速控制系統，追蹤最佳尖速比 對應的轉速，達到最大功率的輸出。當風機運轉在額定風速之上，啟動直流馬達驅動變旋角控制系統，結合模糊滑動平面控制理論，調節葉片的旋角使風機維持額定轉速，並保持額定功率的輸出，實現變轉速變旋角風力發電系統。

The thesis aims to investigate the dynamic simulation and analysis for a 2MW direct-drive wind turbine using softwares FAST and MATLAB/SIMULINK. It is divided into two parts to build dynamic system of wind turbine. The first part, we establish FAST-related data files from some files of a 2MW wind turbine, including lift, drag and pitching moment coefficient data files, blade data file, tower data file, wind data file and aerodynamic data files. FAST focused on mechanical dynamic simulation of wind turbine. The second part, we set up nonlinear models of a directly-drive permanent magnet synchronous generator, variable pitch control system and yaw system by means of MATLAB/SIMULINK. Furthermore, controller design is inserted to implement the control of subsystem of wind turbine, including directly-driven permanent magnet synchronous generator, variable-pitch control and yaw control system. By integrating control strategy and theory, we can realize the maximum power output by tracking the speed that the tip-speed ratio corresponding to under the rated wind speed. While the wind speed is above the rated wind speed, the DC motor-driving variable-pitch control system that combing fuzzy sliding mode controller starts to perform for to keeping the rated rotor speed and the rated power output by adjusting the pitch angles.