ESG-S 社會構面員工相關指標揭露之比較研究：以台灣半導體製造業上市公司為例

Abstract

近年來，隨著永續發展理念普及與ESG（Environmental, Social, Governance）資訊揭露要求日益提高，企業社會責任與永續經營已成為企業治理的重要議題。相較於環境（E）與治理（G）構面已逐漸形成較為標準化之揭露架構，社會（S）構面涵蓋勞動權益、人才培育、職業安全及供應鏈管理等多元議題，企業於揭露內容與呈現方式上仍具有較高彈性，因而呈現較大的差異性。 本研究以台灣半導體製造業上市公司為研究對象，選取20家企業於2024年發布之永續報告書作為分析文本，並採用內容分析法進行系統性比較。透過建立半導體產業社會構面之分類架構，以及從揭露架構、揭露廣度及揭露深度等三個面向進行分析，探討台灣半導體產業S構面揭露之共通性與差異性，以進一步檢視公司規模及供應鏈位置對揭露內容之影響。 研究結果顯示，半導體產業在部分具高度量化特性之議題上已逐漸形成共通揭露模式。然而，多數社會議題仍存在顯著差異，顯示產業整體尚未形成高度一致之揭露標準。其次，公司規模與揭露程度呈現正向關係，大型企業通常具有較高之揭露廣度與深度，但規模並非唯一影響因素，企業治理成熟度與永續管理能力亦可能影響揭露表現。最後，產業鏈位置對揭露重點具有一定影響，製造企業傾向採取較制度化且全面性之揭露方式，而封裝企業則較聚焦於人力資源等勞動相關議題。 本研究有助於釐清台灣半導體產業社會構面揭露之現況與特徵，並補充產業層級ESG社會構面比較研究之不足。研究結果可作為企業未來優化永續資訊揭露、提升資訊透明度及建立產業揭露共識之參考依據。

This study examines Social (S) disclosures in the sustainability reports of listed semiconductor companies in Taiwan. While Environmental (E) and Governance (G) disclosures have become increasingly standardized, Social (S) disclosures remain diverse due to the broad range of issues they encompass, including labor rights, human rights, employee development, and occupational health and safety. Using content analysis, this study analyzes the 2024 sustainability reports of 20 Taiwanese semiconductor companies. A classification framework was developed to compare disclosure structure, breadth, and depth, with particular attention to the effects of company size and value-chain position. The results show that certain topics, such as workforce demographics, employee training, and occupational safety, have gradually formed common disclosure practices across the industry. However, significant differences remain in many social-related topics, indicating a lack of overall standardization. Larger companies generally demonstrate broader and deeper disclosures, although governance maturity and sustainability management capabilities also influence disclosure performance. In addition, value-chain position affects disclosure priorities: manufacturing firms tend to provide more comprehensive and systematic disclosures, whereas packaging firms place greater emphasis on labor issues. The findings contribute to a better understanding of Social (S) disclosure practices in Taiwan’s semiconductor industry and provide insights for improving sustainability reporting quality and transparency.