從對華條約看日本對中國認識的變遷1871-1952

Abstract

國際關係可以從兩大脈絡做探討，從西方的角度去做探討，所得到的結果是『無政府狀態（anarchy）』，哪一個國家的軍事力量較為強大，則可以主宰整個國際社會；但從東方的角度做探討，國際社會是一個有秩序的社會朝貢國體系（朝貢制度、封貢關係、天朝制度），而此秩序的提供者就是中華民族的歷朝歷代的統治者。但在清朝的鎖國政策之後，西學無法進入中土，而此時正是西方科學進步最多的時代，終於在鴉片戰爭時，因為比不上西洋各國的船堅炮利而敗下陣來，國際地位自此一落千丈，與各國簽訂了許多喪權辱國不平等的條約，而與清朝訂約的各國其中之一為亞洲最早西化的日本。 此篇論文所要研究的是日中關係的變化，而研究客體為日中之間所簽訂的條約，本篇論文想要論述的是簽訂條約時，除了當時的國際情勢與歷史背景之外，另外更有相當的思想基礎做為背景，日本利用了與中國簽訂條約的行為，一步一步的建構自己的大東亞共榮圈，但最後仍然用簽訂條約的方式，將中國視為一個國家。

The context of international relations can be researched by two views .From the Western point , the result is 『anarchy』.Which country has powerful military forces ,and it can dominate the entire international community; But it is tributary state system of social order (tributary system, tributary relations) from the Oriental point . The order is provided by the rulers of ancient dynasties of the Chinese nation. However, by the Qing Dynasty Door Policy, the Western can not go into Qing anymore; on this time it is up to the era of the Western scientific progress, and finally in the Opium War, the Western countries win the Qing because of inferior ships and armament .The International status of the Qing is down, and then the Qing signed a number of humiliating unequal treaties with the west, including Japan ,which is first westernized in Asia. This paper is to study the changes in Sino-Japan relations based on the treaty signed between Japan and China for the research object. This paper wants to discuss that when the signing of the treaty, there are many factors such as the prevailing international situation ,historical background, and the ideological basis of the background. Japan use the signing treaties with China , step by step, to develop construction of the Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere own, but in the end Japan treat China as a country with the same way.