編織原鄉的路徑：阿禮部落基礎設施與災後返鄉實踐

Abstract

本研究以屏東縣霧台鄉魯凱族阿禮部落為田野，追溯阿禮原鄉道路與水線兩項基礎設施的建造與演變過程，以及其在八八風災後部落遷村至百合所產生的變化，進而探討這些基礎設施如何在國家、部落、人與自然環境之間形塑連結與矛盾，以呈現阿禮在風災遷村及當代嘗試返回原鄉過程中所面臨的複雜處境。 本文從基礎設施人類學的視角出發，將基礎設施理解為連結不同參與者的異質關係網絡，並隨時間呈現動態變化。基礎設施除了是國家治理與現代性的物質載體，同時也是地方社會關係的體現，並形塑族人對集體生活的想像與期待。透過分析基礎設施所連結的關係網絡及族人圍繞其展開的實踐，本文重新思考當災後「返回原鄉」成為一種長期且反覆進行的實踐時，其所面臨的可能性與限制。 研究指出，道路與水線作為基礎設施，其運作體現並重組了阿禮的社會關係，並在災後形塑族人對部落的矛盾想像。道路一方面使返回原鄉的實踐成為可能，連結原鄉與百合之間的往返；另一方面，其運作的不穩定性也使返鄉實踐持續面臨不確定。水線則是建立於居民互助協作的社會關係之上，風災後原鄉用水維繫方式的轉變及其引發的用水衝突，反映出部落關係的鬆動與疏離。最終本文指出，圍繞道路與水線所展開的實踐，在災後的關係網絡中同時生成連結與限制，形塑了族人對原鄉既連結又疏離的矛盾想像。族人們在這個變動的關係網絡中，編織著原鄉的路徑，並摸索可能的出路。

This study is based on ethnographic research conducted in Adiri, a Rukai Indigenous community located in Wutai Township, Pingtung County, Taiwan. It traces the construction and transformation of two key forms of infrastructure—roads and water pipelines—in the Adiri ancestral territory, as well as the changes that followed the community’s post–Typhoon Morakot (2009) relocation to Baihe Tribe Park. By examining these infrastructural developments, this study explores how roads and water systems have shaped both connections and tensions among the state, the community, individuals, and the natural environment, thereby illuminating the complex conditions Adiri has faced in the aftermath of disaster-induced relocation and in its contemporary attempts to return to the ancestral homeland. Drawing on the perspective of the anthropology of infrastructure, this study conceptualizes infrastructure as a heterogeneous relational network that connects diverse actors and undergoes dynamic transformations over time. Infrastructure functions not only as a material carrier of state governance and modernity, but also as an embodiment of local social relations, shaping community members’ imaginations and expectations of collective life. Through an analysis of the relational networks constituted by infrastructure and the practices through which community members engage with them, this study reconsiders the possibilities and constraints that emerge when post-disaster “return to the ancestral homeland” becomes a long-term and repeatedly negotiated practice. The findings show that roads and water pipelines, as infrastructural systems, both reflect and reorganize social relations in Adiri, while simultaneously shaping ambivalent imaginaries of the community in the post-disaster context. Roads, on the one hand, make practices of return possible by enabling mobility between the ancestral homeland and Baihe; on the other hand, their operational instability renders such return practices persistently uncertain. Water pipelines, by contrast, are grounded in relations of mutual aid and cooperation among residents. Post-disaster transformations in water provisioning in the ancestral homeland, along with the conflicts they have generated, reveal processes of loosening and estrangement in community relations. Ultimately, this study argues that practices organized around roads and water pipelines simultaneously produce connections and constraints within post-disaster relational networks, shaping an ambivalent imagination of the ancestral homeland as both connected to and distanced from everyday life. Within this shifting network of relations, community members continue to weave pathways back to the ancestral homeland while searching for possible ways forward.