發展一種用於分析行道樹對建築物製冷能耗響的協 同模擬技術

Abstract

本論文介紹了一種旨在彌合建築能源模擬與都市氣候建模之間差距的方法。透過BCVTB(The Building Controls Virtual Test Bed)開發了一種耦合方法，並應用於台灣台北市的案例研究，以解決街道樹木在冷卻能耗方面的重要微氣候因素。使用城市天氣生成器進行天氣檔案修改，顯示平均氣溫差異微0.63°C。該耦合方法強調了準確的風速和建築表面的對流熱傳係數（CHTCs）對確定冷卻能耗的重要性。結果顯示，CHTC 值升高會增強熱交換，而較高的風速在散熱中起著至關重要的作用。同時，研究發現，街道樹木的存在顯著減少了熱通量滲透，使炎熱月份建築表面溫度下降了高達9.5%。在 BCVTB 耦合模擬中，包含樹木的情境相較於不含樹木的情境，冷卻能耗最高可降低約 16%，顯示植栽對建築冷卻需求具有顯著的緩解效果。整體而言，本研究提供了對建築與其周圍環境之間複雜交互作用的深入理解，並突顯街道樹木與遮陽措施在降低都市熱島效應及促進節能型都市規劃中的重要性。

This study presents a methodological framework designed to narrow the disconnect between building energy simulation and urban climate modeling. A coupled simulation approach was implemented using the Building Control Virtual Test Bed (BCVTB) and applied to a case study in Taipei City, Taiwan, with a focus on microclimatic influences of street trees relevant to cooling energy demand. Weather file modification using the Urban Weather Generator resulted in an average air temperature difference of 0.63 °C. The coupled framework underscored the critical role of accurate wind speed representation and convective heat transfer coefficients (CHTCs) at building surfaces in governing cooling energy performance. The findings demonstrated that increased CHTC values intensify heat exchange processes, while higher wind speeds substantially enhance heat removal. Street tree presence was shown to markedly limit heat flux transmission, yielding reductions in building surface temperatures of up to 9.5% during warm periods. Cooling energy consumption decreased by as much as 16% in BCVTB simulations incorporating trees relative to scenarios without vegetation. This work provides substantive insight into the coupled interactions between buildings and surrounding urban environments. The outcomes emphasize the role of trees and shading strategies in alleviating urban heat island effects and advancing energy-efficient urban design.