中國民辦基礎教育戰略轉型案例研究 ─以長水教育集團為例

Abstract

近年來，中國人口結構的深刻變化、社會需求的不斷升級以及政策環境的持續調整，使得民辦基礎教育集團迎來了前所未有的挑戰與機遇。與此同時，政府對教育的政策支持和監管力度不斷加強，公眾對多元化優質教育資源的需求日益增長，多種因素共同推動了民辦基礎教育集團的快速發展和戰略轉型。因此，必須對民辦基礎教育的發展戰略進行重新審視，以契合社會需求的更新及國家政策環境的變遷。 本研究以長水教育集團為案例，運用文獻研究法、案例研究法和調查研究法，從理論分析、實證研究和現實考察三個維度探討了長水教育集團經歷的由單一型基礎教育集團向綜合性教育集團（業務層面）、區域品牌向國際品牌（品牌層面）、傳統型企業向數字型企業轉型（管理創新層面）的戰略轉型歷程。運用PEST分析、波特五力模型和SWOT分析等工具，剖析其外部環境、內部資源與能力，提煉出該集團的戰略轉型“三階段”模型。 轉型準備階段，通過 PEST 模型分析政治、經濟、社會和技術環境，結合內部關鍵資源與核心能力，明確戰略定位，長水教育集團借此聚焦高中教育並拓展新領域。 轉型實施階段，集團採取業務多元化、品牌國際化和技術賦能等戰略舉措，整合內外部資源，優化組織結構，推動戰略落地。業務上通過異地合作辦學等拓展全國市場、涉足新領域；品牌方面積極開展國際交流合作、資本運作；技術上構建“教育數位化＋產教融合＋職業培訓”三維生態體系，提升教育教學與管理效率。 轉型鞏固階段，依據教育品質、市場份額等指標評估績效，根據結果優化戰略，如調整課程設置、改進數位化產品等。研究為教育主管部門提供政策建議，包括穩定政策、加強監管等；為同行業企業提供轉型路徑參考，如精準定位、整合資源、持續創新等。

In recent years, profound changes in China's population structure, continuous upgrading of social demands, and ongoing adjustments to the policy environment have presented private basic education groups with unprecedented challenges and opportunities. Meanwhile, the government has continuously strengthened its policy support and regulatory efforts for education, and the public's demand for diversified high-quality educational resources has been growing increasingly. These factors have jointly driven the rapid development and strategic transformation of private basic education groups. Therefore, it is imperative to re-examine the development strategies of private basic education to align with the evolution of social needs and changes in the national policy environment. Taking Long-Spring Education Group as a case study, this research adopts the literature research method, case study method, and survey research method to explore the group's strategic transformation process from three dimensions: theoretical analysis, empirical research, and practical investigation. The transformation covers three aspects: from a single-type basic education group to a comprehensive education group (at the business level), from a regional brand to an international brand (at the brand level), and from a traditional enterprise to a digital enterprise (at the management innovation level). By using tools such as PEST analysis, Porter's Five Forces Model, and SWOT analysis, this study analyzes the group's external environment, internal resources, and capabilities, and extracts a “three-stage” model for its strategic transformation. In the transformation preparation stage, through the analysis of political, economic, social, and technological environments using the PEST model, combined with an assessment of internal key resources and core capabilities, the group clarified its strategic positioning. Relying on this, Long-Spring Education Group focused on senior high school education and expanded into new fields. In the transformation implementation stage, the group adopted strategic measures including business diversification, brand internationalization, and technological empowerment. It integrated internal and external resources, optimized its organizational structure, and promoted the implementation of the transformation strategy. In terms of business, it expanded the national market and entered new fields through cross-regional cooperative school-running and other approaches; in terms of brand building, it actively carried out international exchanges and cooperation as well as capital operations; in terms of technology, it built a three-dimensional ecological system of “educational digitalization + integration of industry and education + vocational training” to improve the efficiency of education, teaching, and management. In the transformation consolidation stage, the group evaluated its performance based on indicators such as educational quality and market share, and optimized its strategies according to the evaluation results—for example, adjusting curriculum settings and improving digital products. This research provides policy recommendations for educational authorities, including stabilizing policies and strengthening supervision; it also offers references for transformation paths to enterprises in the same industry, such as precise positioning, resource integration, and continuous innovation.