如兄似弟嗎? 東亞組織中的前後輩互動

Abstract

在組織場域中，同事是組織成員日常互動的重要對象，對影響組織成員工作效能有著不容忽視的影響力。過往研究在探討東亞文化同事之間的互動與其影響效果時，多援引源自於西方文化的構念。然而，這樣的做法忽略了東亞文化盛行的垂直集體主義文化特徵，可能導致同事間的互動深受非正式階層（informal hierarchy）的影響，會依據互動雙方的資歷深淺，賦予雙方明確且不同的角色任務，進而形塑出前後輩互動模式。有鑑於此，本研究預計將以系列研究探討東亞文化下，前輩與後輩之間的互動行為內涵與影響效果。具體而言，研究一將透過質性訪談，探索前後輩關係所隱含之角色期待，並歸納前輩行為與對應之後輩反應；研究二將依循量表編製流程，以研究一之結果為基礎，編製出具有信效度之前輩行為量表；研究三將延續前述研究，蒐集組織場域之樣本，以檢驗前輩行為與後輩反應之對應性，與其對工作相關結果變項之影響。

Coworkers are important individuals with whom employees interact on a daily basis and have a significant influence on employees’ job performance that should not be overlooked. Previous research on the interaction among coworkers in East Asian cultures often relied on concepts derived from Western cultures. However, this approach overlooks the prevalent cultural characteristics of vertical collectivism in East Asian cultures. Specifically, interactions between coworkers can be shaped by assigning different role to individuals based on their seniority, forming a “senpai-kohai” interacting pattern. In light of this, this study aims to explore the behavioral implications and effects of interaction between seniors and juniors in East Asian cultures through a series of studies. Specifically, Study 1 will employ qualitative interviews to explore the implicit role expectations in senpai-kohai relationships and deduce senpai behaviors and corresponding kohai responses. Study 2 will follow the scale development process based on the results of Study 1 to create a reliable and valid scale for measuring senpai behaviors. Study 3 will continue from the previous studies and collect samples from organizational settings to examine the correspondence between senpai behaviors and kohai responses, as well as their impact on job-related outcome variables.