人工角膜形狀誤差產生之性質變化分析與人工水晶體光學設計及自適應波前量測系統架設

Abstract

近年來，因應角膜受損或水晶體白化導致的視力損失等議題，有許多研究對於人工角膜及人工水晶體的設計與性質探討，在人工角膜方面，角膜受損的患者目前通常藉由角膜捐贈與移植手術來恢復視力，但角膜捐贈數量相較患者來說，長年處於數量不足的狀態，而導致患者通常需要長時間等待才可進行手術。為解決角膜數量不足的問題，人工角膜被發展出來以提供患者除了等待角膜捐贈以外的選擇。然而，人工角膜受力影響產生的機械性質變化會產生光學性質的改變，因此本研究欲藉由考慮製作人工角膜產生製作公差的情況下，探討實務上入考慮公差的時候，設計的人工角膜光學成像表現的變化。 人工水晶體可用於恢復白內障後期患者的視力，因此其涵蓋的視力範圍為需要考量的議題，近年來在學術領域及實際場域中，多焦人工水晶體的設計已有多種設計類型，其中以繞射式結構為常見的設計之一，然而該類結構的眩光及焦距等問題導致視力模糊，導致適應多焦人工水晶體的過程具有挑戰性。因此降低眩光、圖像交疊等受焦距及像差影響產生的視線模糊為多焦人工水晶體設計的課題，本研究從減少人工水晶體像差的設計方向，探討在製程尺度約在1毫米的多焦人工水晶體設計可行性，降低人工水晶體對於製程精度的需求。 此外，藉由架設自適應Shack-Hartmann波前量測系統評估光學元件的像差與光學性質，作為未來評估設計之人工水晶體成像品質的參考。

In recent years, in response to issues such as loss of vision caused by corneal damage or lens bleaching, there have been many studies on the design and properties of artificial corneas and intraocular lens. Cornea donations and implantation surgery are used to restore vision. However, the number of corneal donations has been insufficient compared to patients for many years. Patients often have to wait for a long time for surgery. To address the shortage of corneas, artificial corneas were developed to provide patients with an option other than waiting for corneal donation. However, the mechanical properties of the artificial cornea under the influence of the force would change the optical properties. Therefore, in this study, we discuss the optical properties of the designs of the artificial cornea in consideration of the manufacturing tolerance of the artificial cornea. The intraocular lens is used to restore the vision of patients with cataract. In recent years, the designs of multifocal intraocular lenses have a variety of designs in the academic research and commercial products. Among them, the diffractive structure is one of most common design. However, diffractive structures usually lead to the glare, halo, and aberrations. Therefore, reducing the blurring of vision caused by focal length and aberrations, such as glare and image overlap, is needed to be concerned in multifocal intraocular lens design. For the design of reducing the aberration of intraocular lens, this research discusses the feasibility of designing multifocal intraocular lens with a process scale of about 1 mm, and reduces the requirements of intraocular lens for process accuracy. In addition, the wavefront aberrations and optical properties of samples are evaluated by setting up an adaptive Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor system, which is used to a reference for evaluating the image quality of the designed intraocular lens in the future.