新歷史視野下《笠詩刊》「民俗」主題詩作研究

Abstract

《笠詩刊》於一九六四年六月十五日創刊，每逢雙月出版，發行至今已屆三四九期（2022年6月），創刊至今已超過五十年以上。笠詩社同仁大多重視鄉土文化，一九七四年陳千武《媽祖的纏足》出版，在笠詩社同仁中更產生影響，帶動書寫「民俗」主題的風潮。因此本文欲觀察如雨後春筍般出現於《笠詩刊》的「民俗」主題詩作，仔細考察發現這些詩作呈現一種反思傳統的「反思宗教」思維。本文共五章，除緒論、結論外，正文部分以時期、主題與作家分別處理《笠》詩刊中的「民俗」主題詩作，試圖從詩刊的各階段觀察其中「民俗」主題詩作的脈絡，也從作品的主題與類型深入分析其特色，更精選七位詩人，包括巫永福、吳瀛濤、詹冰、陳千武、杜潘芳格、林宗源與利玉芳，論述他們對「民俗」的思考與創作表現。本文在研究方法上著重探討笠詩社詩人之「民俗」詩，經過何許影響而具備反思「宗教」的面向？藉由新歷史主義（NewHistoricism）觀點作為理論依據，除了對於既有的語言觀點提出反省，也對於傳統的線性歷史觀提出質疑，重新回顧文學史該如何看待這批將維護傳統、本土作為「笠詩社」詩人主要論述、卻較難歸納的「後民俗」、「反思宗教」的「民俗」主題詩作，依此重新定位「笠」詩人「混聲合唱」的詩歌美學。

The magazine〈Li〉was launched on March 16, 1964, and has been published bimonthly. So far 349 issues of Li were published, and 50 years has passed since its first inception. During the years of Li being active, most of the writers focused on the study of laography. It is worth mentioning that in 1974, when we had the presentation of Chen Qianwu's "Mazu's Foot-Binding", it caused a huge impact among <Li>’s authors and editors. They widely reviewed and introduced the new elements through 〈Li〉, leading the trend of writing "Folklore" literature. Be that as it may, this thesis intends to observe the poems related to the theme of "Folklore" that flourished given the influence upon the publication of Chen Qianwu 〈Li Poetry Magazine〉. Also upon a closer and careful review, it’s undoubtable that the poems gradually introduced the idea of "Post-religion Phenomenon" and “New Historicism” that reflect on the tradition when 〈Li〉was firstly published. This thesis will be divided into 5 chapters; excepting the introduction and the conclusion, the main article is based on the timeline, relevant topics as well as the input from various authors to present their observations in relation to the study of the literature. The study showed comprehensive research from different perspectives–namely the “Folklore” and the “Modern Poetry”. This study is carried out intensively and in great detail. It will be featuring brilliant writers; such as Chen Qianwu and his later poets Yong-Fu Wu, Wu Yingtao, Zhan Bing, Chien-Wu Chen、Fang-Ge Du Pan, Lin Zongyuan, and Yu-Fang Li, were all under the influenced by the style of 〈Li〉while show-casing their abilities and creativity based on the "Post-religious" and "Anti-traditional" Modernist approach. The poems on the theme of "Folklore" will also be featured. This thesis not only focuses on the influence of “Folklore”, but also from the perspective and the existence of“Post-religious Phenomenon”as well as “New Historicism”. In this thesis, we will also be incorporating the discussion on how “New Historicism”reflects its impact from the linguistic perspective. On the other hand, we will be reviewing the history of the traditional Folklore and how these poets preserve the traditional values linearly in terms of historicism, while incorporating the new elements such as“New Historicism”. Finally, we’ll be discussing how the tradition Folklore could be preserved and pass onto our next generation. Albeit the difficulty to research the difference between traditional “Folklore” and the“ Post-religious phenomenon”, the main theme of this study is the discussion of <Li Poetry Society> and how it started the journey to integrate the“Modern Poetry”and“Post-religious Phenomenon”. The fusion when tradition meets Modernity creates a beautiful harmony of the “Folklore” and the “Modern Poetry”.