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標題: | 空氣填充式基板集成波導之訊號饋入與功率分配 Power Feeding and Dividing for Air-Filled Substrate Integrated Waveguide (AFSIW) |
作者: | Kao-Chi Chen 陳高圻 |
指導教授: | 吳宗霖 |
關鍵字: | 空氣填充式基板集成波導,毫米波,耦合開槽,階梯式阻抗轉換,威金森功率分配器, air-filled substrate integrated waveguide (AFSIW),millimeter-wave (mmWave),coupling slot,stepped-impedance transformer,Wilkinson power divider (WPD), |
出版年 : | 2019 |
學位: | 碩士 |
摘要: | 本文針對空氣填充式基板集成波導所引發的信號饋入及功率分配等問題,提出了相關的解決方案及模型化方法,文中以模態展開及傳輸線理論為基礎,提出開槽耦合等效電路及威金森功率分配器等效電路,而基於所提供的模型架構,相關元件可以被應用在毫米波的頻段。在信號饋入方面相較現今常見的錐形饋入、開槽耦合可以有效縮減饋入面積,因而減少對於基板品質的要求,同時保有低損耗的特性,此外、開槽耦合不需要雷射切割等額外加工程序,僅以一般PCB製程製作,大幅降低設計及製程複雜度。在功率分配方面,本文是第一次在空氣填充式基板集成波導以簡單的PCB製程實現威金森電路,同時達到阻抗匹配、隔離度和低損耗的特性。
首先、介紹傳統矩形波導、基板集成波導及空氣填充式基板集成波導的起源與變革,並深入分析傳播理論、損耗機制及特徵阻抗。 其次、介紹空氣填充式基板集成波導的饋入方式,係以開槽耦合的方式將訊號饋入至波導,進而量測波導的特性,同時深入分析開槽耦合的物理機制,並建立等效傳輸模型。另外、因空氣通道的支撐力較為薄弱,需提高波導的高度,降低塌陷的風險,然而提升高度將直接提高波導的阻抗,導致開槽產生較多的對外輻射,因此加入階梯式阻抗轉換結構,令波導的等效阻抗降低,有效改善饋入不完全的狀況。後續藉由量測結果跟近年針對空氣填充式基板集成波導的相關研究文獻做對照,分析差異性及此結構的優勢。 最後、嘗試將此製程應用在功率分配上,主要是參考威金森功率分配器的概念,藉由四分之波長的半模態基板集成波導讓輸入端達到阻抗匹配,並藉由橫跨半模態基板集成波導兩側的集總電阻達成輸出匹配以及隔離度的特性。 This thesis provides solutions and modeling method for power feeding and dividing problems of the air-filled substrate-integrated waveguide (AFSIW). Based on the model expansion theory and the transmission line theory, equivalent circuit models for coupling slot feeding and modified Wilkinson power divider (WPD) are created. With the help of these models, the corresponding structures are realized for millimeter-wave (mmWave) applications. Compared to other AFSIW feeding works such as taper feeding, less working area is required for coupling slot. Accordingly, the requirement of the substrate quality is decreased while low-loss characteristic is still maintained at the same time. Moreover, additional laser micromachining process which increases the complexity of design and fabrication is not required. On the other hand, it is the first time that the proposed power dividing work based on WPD is realized on AFSIW technology and also achieves good input/output matching, outputs isolation and low insertion loss. In the beginning, the origin and evolution of conventional rectangular waveguide (RW), substrate-integrated waveguide (SIW) and AFSIW are introduced. Waveguide characteristics such as propagation theory, loss mechanism and waveguide impedance will be analyzed. Second, a feeding method of AFSIW is realized with coupling slot. The mechanisms of coupling slot are analyzed and the effective transition model is constructed. It is worth mentioning that the air channel of the AFSIW should be high enough to avoid collapse. However, the characteristic impedance of waveguide will also be increased. The increased characteristic impedance will make it more difficult to match the waveguide with the feeding microstrip line and thus more outward radiation from the coupling slot will occur. Accordingly, stepped-impedance transformer is designed and realized between the coupling slot and the AFSIW to improve the feeding performance. In addition, the advantages and disadvantages of this AFSIW will be compared with other AFSIWs presented in recent years through the results of measurement. Finally, a power divider (PD) fabricated with the proposed AFSIW structure is proposed. By using the concept of Wilkinson power divider (WPD). Input matching of the proposed PD is achieved by quarter wavelength half mode substrate integrated waveguide (HMSIW). Output matching and isolation of the proposed PD is achieved by a lumped resistor shunted between two HMSIWs. |
URI: | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/7684 |
DOI: | 10.6342/NTU201904217 |
全文授權: | 同意授權(全球公開) |
顯示於系所單位: | 電信工程學研究所 |
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