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標題: | 副詞「ちょっと」の意味分析 A Semantic Analysis of Japanese Adverb ”Chyotto” |
作者: | KO-HSI YEN 顏可昕 |
指導教授: | 林慧君(Hui-Jun Lin) |
關鍵字: | 日語副詞chyotto,多義詞,反義詞,metaphor,背景化,irony(認知上逸脫), (Japanese adverb) chyotto,polyseme,antonym,metaphor,backgrounding,irony as cognitive deviation, |
出版年 : | 2019 |
學位: | 碩士 |
摘要: | 日語副詞「chyotto」表達〈數量・程度〉的語意,在各辭典及各參考文獻中或記載不一致,或著重在語用論觀點上配慮表現,強調人際關係調和的語用功能。因此本論文運用語料庫“The Balanced Corpus of Contemporary Written Japanese”(BCCWJ),收集含有副詞「chyotto」的例句,對其語意重新加以考察。
首先,根據反意語理論將例句分類,藉以確認副詞「chyotto」的多義性,即〈少量・小程度〉(語意1)、語意淡化之〈少量・小程度〉(語意2)、以及〈多量・大程度〉(語意3)此三種語意。其後,根據多義詞的定義「在同一音形的詞語中,存在互有關連、相互對應的複數語意」,以認知語義學分析副詞「chyotto」中各語意的關連性。 分析結果發現,以尺度中的Negative評價性為類似性,在語意1及語意2之間,由〈數量・程度〉尺度中的〈少量・小程度〉語意,至「人際調和」尺度中的「節制而含蓄地人際調和」語意,發生「Image-schematic Metaphor」的映射(mapping)過程。並觀察到語意1〈少量・小程度〉的語意,發展至語意2後即因為「背景化」過程而發生淡化。 在語意1及語意3之間亦基於相同的類似性進行「Image-schematic Metaphor」的映射過程,使語意延伸至「感情強度」尺度中「主觀上節制而含蓄的感情」語意。同時,語意1〈少量・小程度〉的語意透過「irony(認知上逸脫)」的延伸過程,而至相反的語意3〈多量・大程度〉。 “Chyotto” is a Japanese adverb of quantity or degree. However, the meaning of this word is found either explained variously in dictionaries and references, or focused only on the expression of consideration from the perspective of pragmatics in order to emphasize the pragmatic function for interpersonal consideration. Therefore, in this thesis, we looked into the meaning of the word “chyotto” based on the example sentences recorded in “The Balanced Corpus of Contemporary Written Japanese” (BCCWJ). To begin with, we categorized the example sentences by the theory of antonymy, and confirmed the polysemy of “chyotto.” It is separated into three different meanings: ‘small quantity/ low degree’ (M1), the weakened meaning ‘small quantity/ low degree’ (M2), and ‘large quantity/ high degree’ (M3). Then, according to the definition of polyseme (a word with multiple but related meanings), we analyzed the relations between each meaning of “chyotto” with the viewpoint of cognitive semantics. The result shows that, based on the similarity ‘Negative evaluations on scales’, between M1 and M2, a mapping process of “Image-schematic Metaphor” occurs from ‘small quantity/ low degree’ on the scale of ‘quantity/ degree’, to ‘understatemental interpersonal consideration’ on the scale of ‘interpersonal consideration’. Besides, the result also shows that the meaning ‘small quantity/ low degree’ within M2 is weakened from M1 due to the process of backgrounding. This mapping process of “Image-schematic Metaphor” based on the same similarity also happens from M1 to M3, extending the meaning to ‘subjectively understatemental emotion’ on the scale of ‘emotion strength’. Meanwhile, through the semantic extension of “irony as cognitive deviation”, the meaning ‘small quantity/ low degree’ within M1 transfers to the meaning ‘large quantity/ high degree’ within M3, the opposite meaning. |
URI: | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/74363 |
DOI: | 10.6342/NTU201902909 |
全文授權: | 有償授權 |
顯示於系所單位: | 日本語文學系 |
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