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標題: | 高頻微波之殺蟲應用-以榖蠹 (鞘翅目:長蠹蟲科) 為例 The study of high-frequency microwave treatment for Rhyzopertha dominica (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) control in stored grains |
作者: | Chien-Yu Chiang 江建宇 |
指導教授: | 柯俊成 |
共同指導教授: | 朱國瑞 |
關鍵字: | 穀蠹,高頻微波,差溫加熱,積穀害蟲防治, Rhyzopertha dominica,high-frequency microwave,differential heating,pest control of stored grain, |
出版年 : | 2019 |
學位: | 碩士 |
摘要: | 稻米為台灣最主要的糧食,於倉儲過程中,穀蠹是主要害蟲之一,會引發其他二級害蟲入侵,造成更嚴重的經濟損失。由於化學防治會造成人畜健康、環境汙染及害蟲對殺蟲劑產生抗藥性等問題,近年來化學藥劑的使用日益受到法規的限制,因此期望可以尋找新的防治積榖害蟲之安全方法。本研究評估利用 24 GHz 高頻微波照射對穀蠹防治之潛力,其加熱速度更快於過去研究所使用的 2.45 GHz 微波。微波防治穀蠹效果受到許多因素影響,包含照射功率、穀蠹之發育期、以及寄主種類等。以 16.1 W/cm2 功率密度照射,穀蠹於 4 秒內即可達到 100% 致死率,此時稻米之溫度約為 55℃。微波照射 3 秒時,穀蠧之死亡率具有很大的差異;蛹、幼蟲、卵、成蟲之死亡率分別為 100%、83%、57% 與 46%。不同介質亦會影響防治效率,例如於麥片以及稻米中的穀蠹成蟲致死時間分別為 3.5 秒、4 秒。微波照射穀蠹與稻米之強度亦為影響防治效率的重要因素,當穀蠹死亡率達到100%,以 16.1 W/cm2 功率密度照射需要 4 秒,23.7 W/cm2 功率密度照射需要 2 秒,而以 161.8 W/cm2 照射僅需要 0.2 秒。部分存活之穀蠧會於照射後三天內死亡,顯示高頻微波處理可能對穀蠧造成永久性之傷害。整體實驗結果顯示高頻微波處理能快速殺死穀蠹,且穀蠹與寄主間具有明顯之差溫加熱;顯示高頻微波能被視為有潛力的積穀害蟲防治之替代方案。 Rice grain is the major food source in Taiwan. The lesser grain borer (Rhyzopertha dominica) is one of the most dominant insect pests in the post-harvest stage, causing damage andserious economic losses. The applications of chemical control have been restricted by government regulations in recent years because of the negative effect on the human health and environment, and the increasing of insect resistance to insecticide. Thus, alternative methods for the control of the pest beetles are badly needed. In this study we aim to evaluate the potential value of 24-GHz high-frequency microwave heating in controlling the lesser grain borer, with faster heating rate than 2.45-GHz microwave, which is commonly adopted in previous studies. The control efficiency is affected by multiple factors including microwave power, the developmental stage of lesser grain borer, and host medium. 100% mortality occurred within 4 seconds heating under 16.1 W/cm2 where the rice temperature is 55°C. The mortality at 3 seconds is significantly different among life stages, which is 100%, 83%, 57%, 46% for pupae, larvae, eggs, and adults, respectively. The control efficiency also be influenced by the host medium. For example, the lesser grain borer reached 100% mortality at 3.5 seconds in cereals while 4 seconds in rice. The power intensity of microwaves irradiated to lesser grain borer and rice is the important factor for the control efficiency as well. The lesser grain borer reach 100% mortality within 4 seconds heating under 16.1 W/cm2, within 2 seconds heating under 23.7 W/cm2, and only within 0.2 seconds heating under 161.8 W/cm2. Some surviving lesser grain borers died within three days after exposure, indicating that the duration of microwave heating may cause permanent damage to the lesser grain borer. Altogether, the overall results suggest that 24-GHz microwave heating can cause rapid death to the lesser grain borer, and give a significant differential heating between it and host medium, which sheds lights on its potential value as a promising alternative method for insect control of stored products. |
URI: | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/71567 |
DOI: | 10.6342/NTU201900218 |
全文授權: | 有償授權 |
顯示於系所單位: | 昆蟲學系 |
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