科技演進對競爭態勢之影響：以行動通訊技術世代演進為例

Abstract

行動通訊技術自從第一代問世以來，發展至已經三十年左右，而目前也正式邁入了第四代。然而，自從第一代的眾多規格，歷經第二代、第三代以及第四代，市場上可及的技術規格有越來越少，越趨收斂的現象。這三十年的科技發展對於不同技術世代的競爭態勢有何影響，是值得探究的議題。 本研究以標準競爭的概念探討在行動通訊此一產業中，為何廠商們非常積極地想要成為技術領導者以及標準制定者，而在這些廠商的背後，國家政策以及跨國標準聯盟的推動又為此種競合關係由廠商層次提高至國家層次、跨國層次。 而由於技術世代更迭，產業結構也隨之改變。在進入第三代之後，廠商之間開始許多策略性合作，包含了同業以及異業，這些合作背後可能有各式各樣的動機，將在本研究中一一探討。 最後，本研究將針對行動通訊技術世代演進的歷程進行觀察，提出四大命題，並以此四大命題給予近年來極力發展資通訊產業的台灣廠商們發展競合策略上的建議。

The mobile telephony technology has been developed about thirty years since the first generation, and it countinues to develop into the fourth generation. There are several technologies in the first generation to compete for the standard, but until today the era go throuth the second, third and fourth generation, there is no only one standard. It is intersting to discuss about this issue: how technology evolution transforms the competitive landscape? This study includes two concepts. The first concept is standard competition. Why firms compete for the technology and standard leader? What role do government and global association play in this competition? The second concept is strategic alliance. Because of the change of industry structure, there are new players in this industry. Firms begin to form strategic alliances including within- and cross-industry. What is the motivation for firms to form a strategic alliance? After researching the telephony industry, this study will answer the question above and suggest four propostions. These prptositions is meaningful for those firms in the information and communication industry in Taiwan.