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Title: | 數位音樂產業之過去與未來:著作權保護之挑戰與因應 The Past and the Future of Digital Music Industry: Challenges and Responses of Copyright Protection |
Authors: | Shih-Yu Yang 楊石宇 |
Advisor: | 謝銘洋(Ming-Yang Shieh) |
Keyword: | 數位音樂,著作權,線上音樂,音樂網站,數位權利管理,下載模式,串流模式,線上串流,商業模式, Digital Music,Online Music,Copyright law,DRM,mp3, |
Publication Year : | 2013 |
Degree: | 碩士 |
Abstract: | MP3技術與網路科技的不斷推陳出新,顛覆了人們以往欣賞音樂的方式,傳統CD的消費方式已經不再,取而代之的是人手一台的iPod或智慧型手機,從各式各樣的數位音樂服務網站或平台,取得所喜愛的音樂服務。但是在享受新科技帶來的便捷之同時,未經著作權人授權的音樂檔案充斥於網路上、數位音樂業者、著作權人、著作權集體管理團體、唱片公司、出版公司、消費者間之錯縱複雜的法律關係難以被理解、數位音樂市場利益分配不均、數位音樂授權的高成本等問題都猶待解決。有鑑於此,本文嘗試就數位音樂之技術起源、發展過程做探討,並且觀察、分析唱片工業近年來針對音樂消費模式所作出的反應與嘗試與其利弊得失,進而反思我國政府、唱片產業應該如何作出應變,嘗試提出建言。
全文分為六章,第一章為緒論。第二章是關於全球音樂產業之概況,介紹音樂產業之結構,以及說明數位音樂產業能夠興起的革命性技術,並藉由統計數據之呈現,清楚闡述傳統實體音樂之消費模式已經式微,而數位音樂之市場逐年增加,因此,我們更應該研究數位音樂產業會面臨的諸多著作權法相關議題。第三章討論唱片工業在此音樂產業之巨變當中,透過法律程序所作出的應變,包括對許多數位音樂業者與個人消費者提出許多法律訴訟,希望能夠嚇阻盜版數位音樂服務的氾濫,唱片工業的法律訴訟因應結果,造就了數個數位音樂服務發展史上經典的案例,某種程度上達到了教育人民關於著作權法之概念,然而法律訴訟將使消費者反感,且法律上仍有漏洞,對於盜版數位音樂服務之禁絕,成效不彰。第四章研究唱片工業所採用之科技措施DRM,本章介紹DRM的源起,臚列DRM之各種功能與用途並輔以實際案例說明之,並且比較世界各國關於DRM之立法保護,最後則指出DRM之缺失之處與DRM-Free之國際趨勢。第五章整理數位音樂各種商業模式,以及未來可能的建構方向。此外,由於著作權法律制度與社會大眾之關係雖然密切不可分,惟複雜的法律概念往往被忽略,故本文也在此研究數位音樂服務業者與消費者間、數位音樂服務業者與著作權利人或著作權及體管理間之法律關係與授權實務之議題,發現授權成本過高是我們亟待解決的問題。最後,本章並總結出市場機制起初之發展遲緩對於盜版數位音樂之泛濫有推波助瀾的效果。第六章是本文之結論與嘗試提出之建議,雖然唱片工業經由法律、科技、市場層面努力改善數位音樂產業之環境,但是仍有不足,必須從其他地方繼續努力,將會使數位音樂產業更加蓬勃發展。比如說,重新調整音樂產業當中創作人與唱片公司的地位與談判能力,使消費者認知到使用盜版音樂將會侵害到創作者之權益,那麼極有可能減少盜版數位音樂之使用情況,如何從法律制度之修改達到此一目標即為此部分之重點。除了法律層面的改革之外,商業模式的不斷更新進步,也是吸引消費者使用合法數位音樂服務之重要步驟,如何不斷提供更優質的數位音樂服務體驗給消費者,絕對是我們必須加以思考的一環。再者,由於數位音樂服務透過網路作為散布之媒介,要有一套完善的數位音樂服務制度規劃,那麼各種網路中介業者也是必須被拉進來考量不可或缺的一群,ISP業者、搜尋引擎業者、網路廣告業者等皆為適例。本文期望能夠對於數位音樂產業與著作權法律制度之完善建構盡微薄之力。 MP3 technology and internet technique has changed the way of consumption of the music profoundly and eternally. IPod and smart phone has already become the main system for people to listen to music, and the music usually comes from so many different digital music services found on the internet rather than traditional CDs. In the mean while, the unauthorized music files are easily explored and downloaded from the internet. The legal rights and obligations between digital music service providers, consumers, copyright management groups, publishers and record labels are unbelievably sophisticated. The distribution of the revenue from the music market is not fair to the original creator of those copyrighted works. The cost of copyright license is too high. All these problems need to be solved promptly. This thesis will try to introduce the origin of the digital music development, analyze the reactions taken by the music industry when they faced this technology revolution, point out the contributions and the defects of the reactions and figure out what our government and music industry need to do in the future. The paper consists of six chapters. The first chapter is the introduction of this research. The second chapter describes the situation of the global music industry and the most important technology details in the tide of digital music development, clarifies the decline of the traditional CD sales by presenting the market statistics of the music industry and also the increase of the digital music sales. Under the circumstances, we need to put more focus on the related copyright issues. The third chapter discusses the legal reactions the music industry has taken against the digital music service provider and the consumers in order to decrease the unauthorized music files existence on the internet. As a result, some most important cases in the history of digital music development had been made by the court, to some. To some extent, the law suits educate people about the copyright regulations. Nonetheless, the law suits will make the public fight against the music industry and thus harms the industry itself at some point. The law suit obviously is not the best way to solve this problem. The forth chapter do the research on the DRM strategy of the music industry, this paper first takes a glance at the DRM technology, elaborates the functions and the usages of DRM with a couple of examples, compares several countries’ law protections of DRM, at last points out the disadvantages of DRM and the international trends of DRM-Free music files. The fifth chapter sorts out the current business models of the digital music service, tries to figure out what kind of models best suits our society. Besides, though the copyright law is hard to separate from the public, but few people know well about it, so this paper also do the research on the legal rights and obligations between the stake holders in the music industry, found that the high cost of copyright licensing negotiation bothers the digital music providers and the creators very much. To conclude the chapter, the paper reveals that the late existence of legal digital music services leads to the increase of the pirate music website. The last chapter concludes this paper and provides some suggestions. The music industry tries to make the business environment better by legal actions, DRM technology and market solutions, but it seems like the result is not that satisfactory, we must try to do something from other aspects. For instance, adjust the role and bargain power of the creators and record labels, make the public aware of their actions will actually affect the benefit of the creators of those copyrighted works, will probably decrease the pirate digital music use. The point here is how to rearrange the regulations to achieve this goal. Moreover, the improvement of the digital music services and the music consumption experiences are also the very vital part for the industry to attract the consumers to use the service, so that we have to take it into account. Ultimately, just because the digital music service is based on the internet, the internet service provider, the search engines, the advertisement agents play a very crucial role in blocking the pirate digital music service. The authority and the music industry should cooperate with them and make the game rules more clearly on this matter. Hopefully this paper can contribute to the digital music service development and copyright law evolution in Taiwan. |
URI: | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/62335 |
Fulltext Rights: | 有償授權 |
Appears in Collections: | 法律學系 |
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