保安林遊憩效益評估-以台東森林公園為例

Abstract

保安林係指具備公益機能的森林。保安林主要是藉助林木的生長，達到水土保持、防風固砂等國土保安功效。然隨著民眾遊憩需求增加，鄰近都市之保安林即受到社會觀光遊憩的壓力。研究以台東市卑南溪口 2519 及 2502 號保安林為例，對保安林發展遊憩功能進行探討。主要以重視性-表現分析法(importance perform -ance analysis；IPA)及逐步判別分析法(stepwise discriminant analysis；SDA)，分析遊客滿意度與環境因子的關係。並採用條件評估法(Contingent Valuation Method；CVM)與Tobit 迴歸模型，針對保安林的「防風滯塵」及「休閒遊憩」效益進行問卷設計，藉此估算遊客對於 2519 及 2502 號內之台東森林公園與的願付價格。

研究結果顯示，台東市居民一年到訪次數較多者，傾向重視保安林的減少揚塵及落塵、防風效果和固碳效果，並更同意增加台東森林公園的森林覆蓋面積，而一般外縣市之遊客，則較在意保安林提供的休閒遊憩環境。由 Tobit 實證模型估計結果所求出之外縣市遊客每人每次入園平均願付 35.9 元，台東市居民每次入園平均願付 6 元，總平均願付價格約為 21.7 元，作為遊憩價值維護費用。台東市居民平均一年遊憩價值約 1,555,540 元，外縣市遊客平均一年遊憩價值約11,176,580元，臺東森林公園平均一年之遊憩價值介於 700 萬~1,800 萬之間，平均約 1,200 萬元。

Protection forests means to have a public service function of forest. Protection forest is mainly with the growth of trees to reach the soil and water conservation, windbreak and sand consolidation and homeland security efficacy. However, as the public recrea- tion needs increase, protection forests of the nearby city that is, by the pressure of social tourism and recreation. The study, 2519 and 2502, No. protection forests Beinan River estuary Taitung City as an example,to explore the development of recreational functions in protection forest. Mainly to the great importance –performance analysis (IPA) and stepwise discriminant analysis (SDA), analysis of the relationship between tourist satisfaction and environmental factors.Using the contingent valuation method (CVM) and Tobit regression model on the protection forests of the windbreak and sand consolidation and recreational benefits questionnaire design. So as to estimate the willingness to pay of tourists to Taitung Forest Park.

The study results showed that residents of Taitung City for one year visiting more frequently. Taitung City residents attach more importance to the protection forests windbreak and reduce dust effect, and carbon sequestration effect, and agreed to increase the forest cover of the Taitung Forest Park. Other counties and cities tourists are more concerned about the protection forests provide recreational environment. Estimated by the Tobit model results obtained foreign tourists per person average willingness to pay NT$ 35.9, Taitung City residents each average willingness to pay NT$ 6, the total average willingness to pay about NT$ 21.7. Maintenance costs as the value of recreation. Taitung City residents a year on average recreation value of about NT$ 1,555,540. Foreign tourists a year on average recreation value of about NT$ 11,176,580. Taitung Forest Park, the average year of recreation value of between 7 million to 18 million, an average of about NT$ 12 million.