日治時期在臺日本警察的原住民書寫：以重要個案為分析對象

Abstract

本論文旨在通過對日治時期臺灣殖民�理蕃進程的爬梳，探討在臺日本（理蕃）警察如何寫作、如何再現臺灣原住民及其相關問題。正當本文以「警察」作為問題意識，進一步脈絡化日本在臺警察寫作過程的同時，聚焦於以下六位各具特殊性與代表性的個案：佐倉孫三、猪口安喜、瀨野尾寧、藤崎濟之助、橫尾廣輔以及中村文治顯然是為必要方法。回顧上述個案在日本殖民臺灣之初、中、末期的工作、生活與寫作經驗，吾人亦從中還原了其人作為「人」�「日本人」�「日本警察」�「日本在臺警察」，在地理移動、文化跨界，乃至於歷經國家、殖民與理蕃政策轉折之間，反覆地適應生理與心理上的多重衝擊，而這亦正是吾人企圖重建日治時期在臺日人�日語文學時，最重要的基礎之一。 事實上，在整個日治期間，這些長期生活於「蕃界」的理蕃警察，可謂佔據了觀察、書寫、再現臺灣原住民最直接且深入的視角，而通過對這些警察著作的蒐羅與歸納，吾人則可以發現，在個人興趣與職務所需的主動與被動寫作之下，包括漢詩文創作、理蕃史建構、蕃務視察反省以及戰爭期的南洋報導等論著的問世，上述個案反倒是以殖民政府最基層的統治者之身分，記錄了日治期間臺灣原住民與漢人、警察等的互動過程。而這些在歷史背景、國家政策乃至於文化論述之間相互轆轕的寫作實踐，誠亦在「觀看他者」的同時，反射出其人遠渡重洋的視線轉換，及其在殖民地上試圖自我實現、建立價值，乃至於呼應「國家想像」等的動態變化，此即再度揭示了警察身分及其書寫之複雜性與能動性。

This thesis investigates the colonial and aboriginal administration policy in colonial Taiwan, and hence discusses the representation of Taiwan aborigines and related issues in the writings of Japanese police. Focusing on the writings of Japanese policemen and the context of their act of writing, this thesis will use six different influential and unique case studies as examples, including Sakura (佐倉), Inokuchi (猪口), Senoo (瀨野尾), Fujisaki (藤崎), Yokoo (橫尾) and Nakamura (中村). By examining their work, life and writing experience during their involvement in police force in colonial Taiwan, I shall discuss the complexity of their personal role as “human”, “Japanese”, “Japanese police” and “Japanese police in colonial Taiwan”, and their struggle of biological and psychological impacts in the context of spatial movement, cultural shuttling between national prestige and values, and the shift in nation, colonization and aboriginal policy. It is as well an important step towards constructing the historical development of Japanese writings in colonial period. In fact, during colonial period, Japanese policemen living in aboriginal boundary were observing the closest life of Taiwan aborigines and thus, through their writings on the representations of aboriginal cultures, I shall discover that their writings either on own interest or as work requirement, including works on Chinese poetry (Han-shi), the construction of aboriginal policy, reflections on policy and reports on South seas region in wartime, these cases tend to unfold the interaction of Taiwanese aborigines, Chinese and Japanese police in the eyes of the basic level of the colonial government. By inquiring the writing practices in the context of historical change, national policy and cultural difference, on the one hand they were observing the “Others”, yet on the other hand they were adopting a shifting of gaze both geographically and culturally, of which it helps to build their own values and self-actualization in the colonial land as well as to respond to the greater change in imagining “nation” , these writings tend to display the complexity and agency of the roles of Japanese police in colonial Taiwan.